Abortion: Rational Discussion/Debate
promoted by John
I'm new to SC, but I think it's safe to assume that abortion is a topic you guys have never debated ;) Seriously, I realize it's possible that you have all debated the issue to death already, but I hope this diary brings a different perspective that offers at least something new to at least some of you (and stimulates a discussion that provides something new to me as well).
Despite the widespread, perpetual debate over abortion, rational arguments are rare. Pure pro-choicers, pure pro-lifers and those advocating mixed approaches all typically present arguments that are logically flawed.
Pro-choice advocates often skirt the critical question of whether or not an embryo/fetus in a person, relying instead on arguments of personal freedom, economic hardship, birth defects, etc., none of which are valid if the embryo/fetus is a person. You can't "choose" to kill a person, except in self-defense (which, in this case, would be to save the life of the mother). For all the typical pro-choice arguments, ask a simple question: Under the same circumstances, would it be moral and should it be legal for a mother to kill a baby? If the answer is “no”, then, unless one is contending that the embryo/fetus is not a person, he/she is contradicting himself/herself. That is not opinion, but rather logic. If it’s ok to kill “A”, but not ok to kill “B”, than “A” must not be the same as “B”.
For example, should a poor woman have the right to abort a embryo/fetus if she cannot afford to raise a child? Well, if you’re not defining the embryo/fetus as a non-person, you are supposedly extending that right to murdering any other children she may already have. Wouldn’t a ban on abortion result in unsafe, back-alley abortions? Well, if the embryo/fetus is a person, then abortion is murder, and we don't make murder legal to make it safer for the murderer. Even the “my body” argument does not hold up to this scrutiny if the embryo/fetus is a person: Imagine if you or someone else, rather than the embryo/fetus, were attached to that woman’s umbilical cord and dependent on it to survive for the next several months. Assuming this condition is no threat to the life of the woman, does the “my body, my choice” argument hold water now? And so on. For any such arguments, simply replace "embryo” or “fetus" with "baby" or "child" and ask if the argument still holds. To be internally consistent -- i.e., logical -- one has to either assert that the embryo/fetus is not a person or that one should have the right to kill a person under the circumstances presented.
Pro-life advocates do focus on the central question of whether or not an embryo/fetus is a person, but they either refuse to admit that religious doctrine is the sole basis for their belief that an embryo -- or even a fertilized egg -- is a person, or they don't recognize that, as long as the U.S. is not a theocracy, their religious beliefs alone are an inadequate justification for denying choices to other Americans, particularly when such choices involve such heavy personal matters. By what possible criteria outside of scripture can a fertilized egg be considered a person, entitled to the same right to life as you and I? Some pro-lifers argue (correctly) that an embryo is human (by virtue of its DNA) and is obviously alive and is a separate organism, making it undeniably human life, but human life in itself does not equal personhood (more on that later).
Some pro-lifers add the argument that what makes abortion morally wrong and why it should be illegal is because abortion eliminates the future of a person (i.e., potential personhood), regardless of whether or not the embryo/fetus is itself a person yet. Yes, it could be said that what makes any murder immoral is that it eliminates the future of a person. But if one accepts this argument that preventing future lives from emerging is the moral and legal equivalent to murder, than any of us who have practiced birth control – or, for that matter, any of us who do not literally do everything possible to maximize births in the world – is guilty of mass murder. The argument is then made that the case of a pre-personhood embryo/fetus is different because it would develop into a person if left alone rather than actively killed. Of course, by this principle an embryo in a lab has no right to life, because, if left alone it will not develop into a person. Moreover, it strains the concept of fairness to bestow upon a non-person organism such as a zygote the same right to life as you and I enjoy merely because it has the potential to be a person, and to, in turn, use the power of the state to very significantly infringe upon the individual liberty of the woman as well as impose upon her potentially great negative practical and emotional consequences.
A bizarre hybrid position, obviously derived more from politics than principle, is advocacy of banning abortion with an exclusion for rape. Holders of this illogical position contend that the embryo/fetus is a person and therefore abortion is murder, but if this person were conceived via rape, then murdering this person should be legal. If this embryo/fetus is, as they contend, as much a person before birth as after, would these people give the mother the right to murder her child at any age due to the emotional pain of the rape that produced the child? Obviously not. This position is internally inconsistent, i.e., illogical.
Some take the seemingly convenient position of being pro-choice up to the point at which the fetus is viable outside the womb, and pro-life thereafter. This position, too, ignores the central question of whether or not the fetus is a person. To illustrate the absurdity of this position, if technology enables us to extract a fertilized egg or early embryo from a pregnant woman and implant it into another willing woman, and if the supply of would-be surragate mothers were abundant, would these people then favor a total ban on abortion? Conversely, if viability were not possible at any point in a pregnancy, would these people favor legality of any abortion well into the ninth month of pregnancy, even though the brain activity (the “mind”) of a fetus a day before birth is not substantially different from that of a newborn baby?
Which leads to the question: what makes a person a person? What are the criteria for personhood? Clearly, it is the level and nature of our thoughts and emotions (specifically either current thoughts and emotions or, in the case of a person in a vegetative state, past thoughts and emotins – i.e., having already established personhood – combined with some potential for regaining this capacity in the future). Therefore, a more rational approach to abortion law would ask at what point in fetal development the level and nature of brain activity is sufficient to qualify the embryo/fetus as a person. Before that point in development, a non-theocratic government would protect abortion rights absolutely. Beyond that point, abortion would, by definition, be murder (with the possible self-defense exception of saving the life of the mother). A rational debate would focus on what point should be chosen using that general criterion.
There would still be legitimate, perhaps heated debate, but at least it would be rational, and at least it could be bracketed. For example, obviously an embryo with no brain activity would not qualify as a person (whether or not arms, legs, or other non-cognitive features are distinguishable), and, I assume that the brain activity of a fetus at some point toward the end of a pregnancy is not substantially different from that of a newborn baby, making it clearly a person with a right to life. The debate should focus on the most appropriate point between those extremes: What level and type of brain activity constitute person-like thought and emotion, and at what point in fetal development can such activity be reached? In balancing the rights and interests of the woman with the moral imperative to prevent the killing of persons, we should generally err on the side of the latter wherever we lack precision in measuring and interpreting the level and nature of brain activity, but we can use the criterion of cognition (person-like thoughts and emotions) and our current capabilities in measurement and interpretation to at least determine the point at which there is the possibility of the onset of personhood and its inherent right to life.
Let the rational debate begin.
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Comments :
My own view, which I think
is the majority opinion in the country, is that abortion should be allowed, but discouraged. This does not address the philosophical/biological/ethical issues you raise. By discouraged I mean that late term abortions would not be allowed (except for saving the life of the mother), adoption possibilities can be pointed out to the pregnant woman, and if the woman is a minor that her parents would be notified of the upcoming abortion.
BTW if Roe v. Wade is ever overturned, it would mean that the legality of abortion would be sent back to the states. At which point most of the states in the country (and certainly many of the most populous ones) would make abortion legal. So you might have a few states where it is illegal (like Lousiana) and women would have to go out of the state to have an abortion.
name the enemy, win the war
I think it's important to
I think it's important to think through those underlying philisophical/biological issues. For each of your positions, what are the premises and principles guiding them? I've found that a heck of a lot of people hold positions on this issue that are based on beliefs/principles that are internally inconsistent, which is to say, illogical. Only by thinking it through can those inconsistencies be identified, and a more logical set of positions reached. I'd be interested in any such exploration you do of your posiitons.
It is also a basic women's rights issue
A woman should have control over her own body. Given modern sensibilities, the woman who carries the foetus gets the benefit of the doubt at the start of her pregnancy. If by, say, the third trimester she hasn't decided to abort, then I can see the state stepping in and saying the foetus must then be carried to term. I realize this way of discussing the issue is unsatisfactory to the issues you raise. When I hear somone say that a woman who is made pregnant by rape should be forced to carry the foetus to term, I can't believe what I am hearing.
Are you saying that the value of human life (or potential human life) should overide all other societal values?
name the enemy, win the war
What I'm saying, to state it
What I'm saying, to state it most broadly, is that, while I can't insist that anyone agree with me, I can insist that he/she agree with HIMSELF/HERSELF. In other words, I just want people to be logical, to lay out a set of assertions that are not contradictory, based on his/her OWN premises.
If one believes that all (innocent) persons have a right to life, but that abortion should be legal in some circumstances, they MUST (to be logical) assert either that it should be legal to kill a person in those circumstances or that the fetus in question is not a person. That's not opinion, just logic (i.e., internal consistency).
So I would ask you, do you consider a fetus ten minutes before delivery a person, just as a newborn baby is a person? And if so, then would you favor letting a woman legally kill her newborn baby if the baby resulted from a rape?
4 words...
....Survival of the fittest.
Contradiction
What you have discovered is the ability of people to hold mutually contradictory ideas simultaneously.
For various (unexplained) reasons this occurs more frequently in those who are considered "conservative" or are religious fundamentalists.
A typical example when discussing what makes a happy marriage people are asked how true these statements are:
"birds of a feather flock together" - agree
"opposites attract" - agree
This type of person fails to see the contradiction. The underlying thing is that the stronger one believes in an ideology the less they notice contradictions. Faith and logic cannot coexist.
You can be exasperated by this characteristic, but you won't change these people or win your arguments with them.
--- Policies not Politics
Holding mutually
Holding mutually contradictory beliefs is illogical (by definition) and should not be something with which anyone should feel comfortable (if they wish to be a thoughtful person and a good citizen / member of society). Yet many on the right, left, and "other" apparently do so, usually due to not thinking through their premises and making correct deductions (and if you think only people on the right are guilty, you apparently do not see it on your own "side" -- e.g., lack of logic in comments on Thoma's blog). If one says that "it should NOT be legal to kill a person" AND that "SOME fetuses are persons" AND that it should be legal to kill ANY fetus" (or that whether or not the fetus is a person is irrelevant), then that person is contradicting himself -- i.e., is being illogical.
As for my "exasperation", I'm an equal opportunity exasperatee. Your buddies at Thoma's blog (and, I'd have to say, probably you, although I'd have to check your comments there to be sure) are guilty of either illogical thinking or at least of a lack of willingness to think through a question logically. Logic is not a matter of opinion or ideology any more than math is, and I correct it where I see it, whether the guilty party shares my policy preference on some issue or not. I wish Thoma would do the same with his visitors, but apparently (and unfortunately, particularly given that he is an educator) his values and priorities are different with regard to education vs. pursuit of a policy agenda.
ideology
If you haven't seen it before psychologist Robert Altemeyer has studied this type of personality. He has a free online book which summarizes his 40+ years of research on the topic.
It's available here:
The Authoritarians
He dubs this type of mindset "right wing authoritarians", but now concedes this was a mistake, there are left wing authoritarians as well. This is what you are complaining about.
However during the period that he was studying he couldn't find enough to collect meaningful data about. This may be changing again. The heated debates on dailykos over which candidate is the "best" one start to sound like the types of discussions that occurred at the beginning of the 20th Century and after the Russian revolution.
Leaving aside the labels the distinction is between those open to new ideas and those not. The close minded are more likely to have inconsistent beliefs, probably in part because they refuse to listen to counter arguments.
Mark Thoma only gets into the discussion when one is rude or intolerant or an obvious troll. He usually just removes the comments without public notice. He's gotten upset with me on occasion when I stubbornly refuse to accept economic modeling as a scientific discipline.
Aside from that he lets people argue as much as they wish without interfering. I guess he thinks each side can take care of itself. What you seem to want is for him to censor remarks on the basis of criteria to your liking. That's not what an open debate is about. Even the mistaken get a chance to state their views.
I think that is what this site is attempting as well, but I find the personal attacks counterproductive.
--- Policies not Politics
rdf,
well, I read the 13 page intro. I'll work my way through the rest at a later date. It does seem somewhat interesting but I do fear as I begin that our good doctor is concentrating more on one type of authoritarianism. There is hope in the fact that he acknowledges a broader view of authoritarianism.
A final point on this is that I see left-wing authoritarian as being more subtle and less obvious as it builds up...but no less pervasive when it takes hold.
As for Thoma, I have my quibbles with him as you may have read elsewhere. I agree that economic modeling is lacking as a pure science but that doesn't negate their in limited applications.
Personally, I prefer economics from a more philosophical and axiomatic perspective. It's telling that Johns Hopkins PhD in economics is actually a PhD in philosophy. They explain this all on the website to masters in econ grads looking to a PhD.
Mises, no fan of excessive math and modeling in economics, once said pejoratively that mathematical economics and econometrics is "mental gymnastics" and that it's no substitute for real economic thought. He said it can not be compared to physics because the things studied in physics do not think and modeling makes too light of this.
But his blog can be very, very shrill. What I don't like is his lack of will to interject when the nonsense gets really thick.
[Sound of me rubbing my eyes
[Sound of me rubbing my eyes vigorously, shaking my head, and opening my mouth gaping wide (if the latter makes a sound)]
rdf,
You must -- repeat, must -- repeat again, MUST be kidding.
Wrong on...how many counts?? First, not only can I not figure out how any sensible person could possibly think that I was saying or implying that Thoma should censor remarks [shaking my head more in disbelief as I type], my main complaint about him is the exact OPPOSITE. In a very partisan, double-standard fashion, he has deleted comments I've posted, telling me (after I emailed him to inquire) that I needed to "tone it down" (my goodness, what an obvious, blatant double standard!) and that I was "badgering" people who weren't answering my questions (those people, by the way, were continuing to reply with rhetoric and ridicule, and I was merely asking them to respond to my questions/arguments instead).
Second, what exactly are you calling a "troll". Often that term is used for someone who is presenting disingenuous points/arguments to pursue some hidden political agenda that conflicts with the agenda of the group (that particular blog community). Is that your definition?
Third, believe me, I am the LAST guy who needs a lecture on what open debate is about. Infringements upon it, whether by force, by intimidation, or simply due to people unwilling to engage in it and to do so thoughtfully, rationally, and in a truly responsive manner is something I detest and often seek to change.
That's a fine statement, but it's kind of funny, coming from you. Did you forget what you wrote about me on this very thread, albeit in a response to my insulting tone toward missliberties (which, given her comments, is was at least somewhat understandable) ??
I'm perfectly willing to let bygones be bygones...wait, one more shot first:
Your comment reminds me of the poem:
Roses are red,
Violets are blue,
I’m a schizophrenic,
And so am I.
ok, not I’m willing to put the garbage behind us. Easy for me to say, I realize, if I get the last word. Go ahead and reply, and maybe I’ll be able to resist responding (maybe – no guarantee, and depends largely on whether you say anything that begs for correction).
oops, unfortunate typo: "not
oops, unfortunate typo:
"not I’m willing to put the garbage behind us"
should be:
"now I'm willing to put the garbage behind us"
Brief interjection:
You're correct, but for the wrong reason: both logic and math are a matter of opinion and ideology. Both are human constructions that can easily have existed otherwise (we started discovering other maths a century ago) or not at all. Holding illogical beliefs is a negative quality only if you buy into the idea that logic is of value. Fortunately for your argument, most of us do, but it doesn't have to be that way: it's just one way to approach the world, and it is most certainly a matter of opinion and ideology.
For one of the most powerful proponents of a non-logical approach to the world, see Dostoevsky. He wrote reams debunking (according to his terms) this:
Saint, n. A dead sinner revised and edited. - Ambrose Bierce
Suppose someone says: I
Suppose someone says:
I believe that it should be ILLEGAL to kill any innocent person.
I believe a late-term fetus is a person.
I believe it should be LEGAL to kill a fetus.
The above is illogical -- internal inconsistency, self-contradiction. Is that the kind of thinking (to use the term loosely) that Dostoevsky is saying is or might be a good thing? Is that what YOU are saying?
I find it hard to find any value in illogical thinking, at least not any inherent value. Even if somehow there were some value to it, it's quite evident that in practical terms, the harms far outweigh the benefits.
CORRECTION: Last line in
CORRECTION: Last line in that example should read:
"I believe it should be LEGAL to kill a late-term fetus."
At the risk of going way off topic,
there's no such thing as a perfect system of logic: it'll either be inconsistent or incomplete (see Godel, who proved it about math). But more to the point: Dostoevsky was one of the first to argue that the human being is not reconcilable to logical systems: whether that's a product of biology or 'spirit' or whatever, we cannot understand our behavior or even our sense of wrong and right through a formal system.
There's some history here: he was reacting less against logic than against logical positivism, which had turned into a utopian project of saving the human race through science. Not only did it fail miserably, but Dostoevsky predicted it would - if successful - create a system of totalitarian horror worse than anything they imagined (making him a pseudo-prophet of the Soviet system). He based his critique on what he considered the fundamental illogical behavior of human beings, and though we usually assign 'illogical' a negative value (we are raised in systems of logic), he saw it in the most necessary building-block of human freedom.
He then went on to write books challenging people to think illogically, and showing the dangers that a too-strict faith in logic can lead us to. Whether you buy them or not, his novels are still considered among the greatest in history: he touched a nerve with people trying to understand themselves and their behavior.
If you want to keep this talk within logical parameters, check out dialetheism
. I'm not a philosopher, so you'll have to be patient with me on specifics.
Now, to go back to your initial challenge: I can't address it that way because you're already discussing it as a logical proposition. If I were rejecting logic, I wouldn't even outline starting assumptions: I'd address the situation I see before me and take what measures I think are most appropriate for that given situation. Whether that approach to life is less valid is a fine question, but I at least wanted to show you that even logic is a matter of opinion and ideology.
Saint, n. A dead sinner revised and edited. - Ambrose Bierce
I guess I'd have to check
I guess I'd have to check how Dostoevsky was defining "logic" and "illogic" to know if he was really disagreeing with me, or if perhaps he was applying some loose/imprecise definition of "logic".
I read some of the info at the "dialetheism" link and scanned the rest, and, at risk of saying something that sounds very closed-minded (and I guess, is), it seems like stuff that would only make sense to me if I smoked an ounce of weed (not that I do that...not that there's anything wrong with that, as Seinfeld would say). Lacking said weed, I fear that if I dug much further into this my head would pop.
If you're interested
I found (while looking for something else) an article that outlines the history of how logic came to be undermined when it was proven inconsistent as a system. It's tied pretty closely to the same revelation in mathematics, which occurred in the early part of the 20th century. Really interesting stuff here: "Logic's Tower of Babel
" Highly recommended reading.
Now, there's a fair argument that this undermining of the system doesn't necessarily mean that we should reject it outright. There's a lot to be said for its practical application, provided we 1. recognize it as an imperfect system and 2. take that into account when making decisions based on it. That's really all I'm asking: to acknowledge that logic isn't beyond opinion and ideology, it's a product of them.
Understanding why logic is a necessarily imperfect system doesn't require weed (as the dialetheism article did) - it's simply an inarguable fact. But it still may be the best option of alternatives, none of which are perfect. That's why I meant this only to be a minor side-point rather than a long digression. :)
Saint, n. A dead sinner revised and edited. - Ambrose Bierce
Thanks for the recommended
Thanks for the recommended reading. I scanned it a bit, and since it's not particualrly concise (in fact, at first glance at least, it seems almost deliberately inconcise, at least if the objective is to make an argument that logic is imperfect or is a matter of opinion), let me ask again:
Suppose someone says:
I believe that it SHOULD NOT be legal to kill any innocent person.
I believe a late-term fetus is an innocent person.
I believe it SHOULD be legal to kill a late-term fetus.
The above is illogical -- internal inconsistent, self-contradictory. Is that the kind of thinking that you or anyone is contending (1) might be correct or (2) might be beneficial in some way?
I gotta tell ya, I find it hard to imagine that anything anyone's written could convince me that such illogic could somehow be anything other than a manifestation of confusion, lack of thorough, clear thinking, and/or some other manner of sub-optimal thinking. I'll take another look at that reading you suggested, but I'll try to home in on the heart of the argument if I can find it and see if I can get whatever point is being made without reading through what seems to be a somewhat tedious and inefficient piece of literature (just one man's opinion; I do appreciate the link, though).
Just to put my syllogism a
Just to put my syllogism a bit differently, if someone says:
A = B, and B = C, but A does NOT equal C, are you saying that that conclusion might be correct or might be useful or beneficial?
Oh, and if you ARE saying
Oh, and if you ARE saying that, and want me to really ponder it and try to see some sense in it, you're gonna have to get that weed to me, because it's been a couple of decades since I've known where to get some ;)
Hmmm... not sure what you read generally,
but I thought that chapter was a model of clarity and conciseness. One or two short digressions aside, you won't find a better expression of such a complicated but key discovery in logic and mathematics. I'll be sure not to send any Derrida your way! ;)
But like I said: the thing I wanted you to take away from this discussion is simply that logic is a matter of choosing a particular system based on its perceived merits: it is not a perfect system that exists outside of opinion or ideology, but is in fact created by opinion and ideology.
To address your syllogism specifically (A=B, B=C, A does not = C), I'd point out that 'equals' (=) is a mathematical operator, not a real-world function. Even something so simple as saying "1 apple = 1 apple" is problematic when we consider that each apple is different: as a form of intellectual shorthand, we take for granted the differences and define categories of similarity that allow us to carry out the 'equals' operation.
And we pretty much have to, because if we tried to direct our intellect towards treating each thing as separate, we'd never make it out the door in the morning. The intellectual shorthand is one of the ways we distill the complexity of the universe into something digestible. But you have to remember that it's shorthand, not reality. We choose the shorthand because of its practical merits, but that doesn't free us of the flaws of the system.
(I'm not addressing the specific abortion example, because that's not why I started this tangent: this is about logic and ideology. If we want to talk abortion, I have my own line of reasoning down below
, which isn't really related to this discussion.)
Saint, n. A dead sinner revised and edited. - Ambrose Bierce
To address your syllogism
So it sounds like the assertion that logic is inherently imperfect is based on the premise that we can never really be sure that our premises are valid. Is that it? If so, then that seems to me to be NOT really an argument that logic is imperfect, only that it is impossible to APPLY with certainty, because we can never be certain that one apple truly equals another apple. Right?
Two different trains of thought:
sorry, I didn't distinguish well between them in that comment. The first is that logic itself is an imperfect system in and of itself. This was proven through the work of Russell, Godel, and others: no formal system can be both consistent and complete. As a process, logic is capable of twisting itself into contradictory knots: but you also can't construct a comprehensible system without some systematic framework.
My own objection to a too-strict adherence of logic is its questionable applicability to the real world.
I'd meant to keep these two separate, sorry. I also went more into depth in our discussion below, on abortion specifically.
Saint, n. A dead sinner revised and edited. - Ambrose Bierce
Pico, every dime invested in your education
will rebound to the rest of society a hundredfold.
These series of comments about logic and its practical limits should be linked in the SC Top Posts section.
"The human race divides politically into those who want people to be controlled and those who have no such desire." --R. Heinlein
yeah, but who's gonna clean
yeah, but who's gonna clean bits of my brain off the walls after my head pops from trying to grasp that level of abstraction.
Which reminds me, Hey Pico, what's the tracking number on that 10lb shipment of cannabis? I'm afraid to read that stuff without it.
Ten pounds!
I sure hope you're gonna share :-}
Yeah, you could really lose yourself in that stuff. Russian writers. . . .
Do what I do: read the Pico-notes version ;} He does a great job of distilling the essence of the abstraction as it applies to the topic under discussion. And, I bet if you ask questions, he'll keep on answering.
We are fortunate to be surrounded by many varieties of brilliance on this site. Yourself included.
"The human race divides politically into those who want people to be controlled and those who have no such desire." --R. Heinlein
Gee, thanks for the
Gee, thanks for the compliment, Purp. You're giving ME a purple face now (blushing). I think to relax I'm gonna need...that 10lb package of...uh, never mind.
On a serious note, I've been impressed with the intellectual caliber of commenters here* as well as the breadth of topics...man, did I get a kick out of seeing a thread on "free will"!
* But then again, I'm more accustomed to the folks at RedState, so don't get too full of yourselves :p
Here's what I fear will
Here's what I fear will happen to my head if I get into that stuff (the writings, not the weed).
About 15 years ago I was working in marketing management and one of my product lines was adult drink mixes (bloody mary, magarita, etc.). A competitor was Bacardi -- those frozen drink mix concentrates that come in a can. I kept one in my office on my credenza. I didn't know that, if left at room temperature, the stuff ferments and pressure builds. One Monday morning I arrived in my office and found sticky, red strawberry daiquiri concentrate goo all over the walls The can had exploded. I felt lucky that I hadn't been there when it happened, and unlucky that my boss hadn't been.
Anyway, that's what I think will happen to my head and brains if I read and ponder such material.
Appreciate it! and I'm glad B Rational
posted this diary - this is a topic I've wanted to talk about for a long time but haven't known how to initiate. No matter what I say, I always end up feeling uncomfortable - but I don't think that's avoidable. I think your comment in an earlier thread summed up a major reason why...
Saint, n. A dead sinner revised and edited. - Ambrose Bierce
Ten Thousand Shiny Pieces of Gratitude to Pico
I at least wanted to show you that even logic is a matter of opinion and ideology.
Thank You. Thank You. Kisses. Kisses.
I am ultra thrilled to see that Dostoevsky defends illogi' as positive value in building human freedom. If only more humans could grasp this.
As an Xmas gift to myself, perhaps I will read one of Dostoevsky's books.
While it seems logical to value logic and apply it to highly charged emotional human situations, in fact the opposite is true.
If we applied logic to extending the life of the elderly person, based on their usefulness, or burden on society, it would be logical to keep older people out of the ICU, out of hospitals, and not give them medicine past a pre-determined forumla that the aged have outlived their usefulness to society. They are a huge burden on health care costs, sucking up much needed resources from the more productive younger generation. Logic begs that wasting resources on the old is inefficient.
This is why trying to apply some very specific all-knowing magic logical formula to a personal individual singular instance in time for one woman and her relationship with her own womb is a long road to toasting your brain circuit beyond all recognition.
I'm only half stupid
Re: "If we applied logic to
Re: "If we applied logic to extending the life of the elderly person, based on their usefulness, or burden on society, it would be logical to keep older people out of the ICU, out of hospitals, and not give them medicine past a pre-determined forumla that the aged have outlived their usefulness to society. They are a huge burden on health care costs, sucking up much needed resources from the more productive younger generation. Logic begs that wasting resources on the old is inefficient."
That is NOT what logic is. Logic means not contradicting one's self in one's set of statements and drawing inferences/conclusions that follow from the premises. For example if A=B and B=C, then A=C. Or, as a different example, if all A's are B's, then any given A is a B, but a B is not necessarily an A.
By contrast, what you are talking about is a situation in which one factor in a decision points one way, but other factors pointing the other way may have greater weight (specifically, where economic interests may favor deciding one way, but values/moral factors may carry greater weight). Totally different subject.
That's nice.
I am thanking Pico for pointing out that logic at times does not serve the cause of humanity well.
However you wish to characterize my statements is up to you.
I doubt if anything I say will fit into the sharp edged boxes you desire, since you seem to believe that venturing outside of those boxes is worthy of scornful disdain.
As a grown fetus, I reserve my right.
I'm only half stupid
I don't think my comment
I don't think my comment constituted or contained "scornful disdain", and that was not my intent. I was just correcting you.
Understood
I was referring to your words from a previous post about your justified anger because you thought I was 'out of the bounds of your parameters for discussion.' and the tone of your response with insulting.
Or did you suddenly develop amnesia?
I'm only half stupid
You have to realize that if
You have to realize that if you start off on a thread with a comment that is both clearly invalid (just an obvious misunderstanding on your part) AND insulting, there's a decent chance you're gonna get some attitude coming back in your direction. In your first post on this thread you wrote:
You obviously misunderstood what I was saying, wildly mischaracterized it, and insulted me. Can you see how that would be a bit irritating, and why it would be difficult to respond politely and perhaps at least somewhat justified (even if perhaps not ideal) if someone did not respond politely?
Okay.
I can (partially) accept that.
Yet the emphasis of your reasoning, trying to decide just exactly when a woman, might be a killer/murderer if she has had an abortion at 12 weeks + 2 seconds, to me is offensive. Does that 2 seconds really make a woman a murderer.
From my schluby perspective you keep insisting that logically abortion is killing at best and murder at the least.
I hope that you can acknowledge that wrapping inflammatory accusations like this in 'logic', make the accusation no less inflammatory.
As many others have stated, this is an emtional issue and one that is private.
If my eleven year old daughter got raped by the football team, and she ends up pregnant........ you see where I am going.
You can not apply consistent conditions across the board, because each individual woman and womb has a different circumstance. Why do you leave that out of your logical equation? In other words, you are not looking at the whole apple, you are only looking at the seed, which imho is short sighted.
I put my dog to sleep because he had cancer. Did I murder my dog. Did I kill my dog, or did I put him to sleep because his quality of life was pure suffering.
I made that decision with thoughtful care.
Is it your business to then call me a dog killer or a dog murderer. Logically you could. You could make a rationale case that I was a dog murderer but that would be a complete mischaracterization, even though it would be logically sound.
I'm only half stupid
From a mathematical perspective
If we pretend like scientifically a fetus is deemed viable at 12 weeks + one second.
Since time is infinitely divisible, or since you can divide that one second infinitely into yet smaller numbers, then there is no such thing as a correct moment for your much sought after 'exact moment' for assigning of viability because it doesn't exist.
I'm only half stupid
This is an emotional issue
This is an emotional issue on both sides, and rightly so. And the stakes are great: The POSSIBILITY (depending on one's view of personhood) that a person is being murdered vs. a certain infringement upon the bodily liberty of a woman. It's a very important issue, one that merits discussion, and one for which we have to try to contain our emotions enough to engage in RATIONAL discussion/debate.
As for "killing" vs. murder, as I've explained, deliberately, actively ending the life of any organism is killing, but only killing a person is murder. So, as a matter of definition, there is no such thing as a "dog murderer". It's not a matter of logic. It's a matter of definitions. And to say that you killed your dog is NOT to imply that you did anything wrong/immoral -- quite the contrary, in your case: it seems that it would have been immoral NOT to kill your dog. I know that language may be upsetting, but I'm trying to clarify these points.
The stakes are great?
Only if you define a fetus as a person.
Since that takes a concise moment, that is mathematically undefineable (time is infinitely divisible) the only logical conclusion is to declare personhood at first breath. All other definitions have too many variables as to be precise, including the moment of conception which is unknowable.
Therefore the greatest threat is to the liberty of the woman.
I'm only half stupid
The two books where he addresses it best
are Notes from the Underground (which is short and fascinating, but dry) and The Brothers Karamazov (which is long but intense). I love them both!
Saint, n. A dead sinner revised and edited. - Ambrose Bierce
Thanks pico
I was hoping you would give me a short list.
I will go for short and fascinating to start!
I'm only half stupid
Logical gap - Point of Order
Logical Gap
- You have failed to show that the fetus is innocent.
Applicability Gap - You have failed to show that abortion is 'killing'. It could be logically and reasonably viewed as ceasing life support activities.
What I mean by "innocent" is
What I mean by "innocent" is "not INTENDING to cause harm". Perhaps you could elaborate on how the fetus may not be innocent.
The "life support" point is an interesting one, and a legitimate challenge. I'll concede that there may be a continuum and a gray area between active killing and what perhaps could be described as "passive killing", or perhaps not killing at all, by removing life support.
Let me ask you this:
1) Couldn't that same "life support" point be used to justify making it legal for a mother (or father) to opt not to feed her baby to the point of death by starvation, which I believe is considered negligent homicide (not sure)?
2) I've presented previously an example of two conjoined twins, with twin #1 dependent for survival on the organs of twin #2, such that separation surgery would certainly kill twin #1, but not twin #2. Should twin #2 have the legal option of undergoing separation surgery without the consent of twin #1?
3) Suppose you were scuba diving at 120 ft. underwater. Suddenly, there is a malfunction of your breathing apparatus. I'm there next to you. I didn't dive with you (I'm not under any implicit contract to come to your aid), but I give you my "octopus" (secondary regulator) so you can access my oxygen. Let's assume doing so poses no reasonable danger to me. I decide, though, that I want to continue my dive without you. Should it be legal for me to shove you away, knowing that you will drown, rather than ascending with you to safety?
Does innocence require intent?
If I fall asleep at the wheel am I necessarily innocent?
Bear in mind that I don't consider a fetus to be a human being. However, even if you did, the fact that it IS causing harm (it is acting as a parasite after all) allows one to consider it as an unintentional attack by a being one cannot communicate with.
1 & 3) No. There are many standard of care laws that state that if you provide life support for someone, you cannot stop providing life support, however these laws are predicated on the fact that your providing the care discourages others who might be capable for providing such care from doing so. i.e. You stop on the side of the road to help someone and as a result all the other folks drive by (having seen you were taking care of the victim). As a result you can no longer abandon them. This is distinct in that (again, even if the fetus were to be considered a live human) nobody can provide such care EXCEPT for the gestating mother. As a result, you have not diminished the liklihood of someone else providing such care (which was already zero) and do not gain a heightened duty.
2) Interesting question. Prove that the conjoined twins are in fact 2 people and not one person with two brains and a split personality. If you define individuality by the brain, haven't you stated that a fetus that has not yet developed such a brain is not an individual?
Good stuff, k. Well argued.
Good stuff, k. Well argued. My thoughts/questions:
ok, you're right. Lack of intent is insufficient for innocence. However, the guilt you are describing is based on harm done due to one's blatant failure to exercise a level of responsibility of which the person is capable and is expected to exercise out of consideration for the safety of others. That doesn't apply to a fetus. In the case of the fetus, any harm to the woman is completely incidental, not due to either intent or gross negligence. If I passed on some highly contagious disease, let's say just by breathing, but could not reasonably be considered responsible in any way for doing so (let's say I did not know I had caught it myself, nor did I have any reason to suspect I might have it, nor did I act in any irresponsible manner), I have harmed someone, but I am innocent, right? While we need not get bogged down in semantics, I assume you do not equate resulting harm with lack of innocence, right? And I assume you are not making the point that a fetus is guilty of something that renders it "deserving" of death as a matter of justice, right?
True.
ok, that point re: bringing a legal obligation upon one's self to continue care due to potential or likely discouragement of help from others is a fair point, at least in principle. So, a couple of thoughts/questions:
First, if I accept -- just arguendo, because we could explore hypotheticals or even actual scenarios in which that premise would not be valid -- that no one other than the current pregnant woman can continue to gestate the fetus, then I don't see how that would DIMINISH any obligation she may have to continue life support. If your point, however is that no one else could have gestated the fetus TO THIS POINT (and I'll accept that just arguendo, too, at least for now), and therefore she could not have discouraged others who might otherwise have provided life support and who might continue such life support, then I see your point that she has incurred no obligation akin to the person helping the stranded motorist or a mother with a baby.
Now, let's go to my scuba hypothetical. Let's say that there was no one else around to help you, and you had no other option (no other means of survival) other than to share my oxygen, so I have neither discouraged others from helping you nor discouraged you from helping yourself in some other way. The same goes for a moment AFTER we begin sharing oxygen, so even then, you have no other option and the sharing of oxygen with me is not lessening the chances of some other solution. In fact, we could even say that I did not consent to sharing oxygen with you -- you just grabbed my "octopus" (extra air hose, "extra regulator") and I shoved you away, knowing it would mean death for you, even though there was no danger to me from allowing you to continue. Now, should it be legal for me to do so?
I didn't say they shared the same brain. If they did, I wouldn't know either if they were two persons or just one. I guess it would depend on what parts were shared (cerebrum is what counts, I assume) and how it functions. But in any case, I was thinking in terms of other vital organs or essential physiology. If I were arguing your side of this dialogue, I'd question if we could really tell whose liver, kidney, etc., it was if they are, in effect, sharing them, but if you'll accept, arguendo, that such a distinction can be made, the question stands, so please revisit it.
Thank you. Innocence in the absence of obligation
Recall please that I don't consider a fetus be a living human until the mother is no longer constructing (i.e. the child could, if born, survive on medical care of a similar nature required for a typical 'born' person. Including food, air, drugs etc. (no gestation machine)). (Consistent yes?)
That said, I consider innocence and guilt to be opposing concepts. Someone is innocent because they COULD have been guilty, but were not. An unthinking being that can't form intent can neither be guilty or innocent in my book.
Scuba: This is a fair case. However, I'd argue that the state has the right to exert control over your use of your octopus. Constitutionally, there is the power of eminent domain, so the octopus is clearly not beyond the reach of the state. You could claim financial damages from the other scuba diver and claim compensation. However, a woman's uterus, is to the best of my knowledge NOT available for state control. For example, could the state REQUIRE a woman to act as a surrogate? Suppose someone was going to lose their baby could the state require someone else accept implantation? Since the state can't seize a woman's uterus (or your kidney, blood, etc) I'd argue that the analogy breaks down at this point.
Conjoined Twins: What I meant was why do you define conjoined twins as "two people" just because he has two brains? Why is it not a single person? If an individual had two hearts, you'd still consider them to be an individual. However, most people consider them to be conjoined twins rather than a dual brained individual. Why is that? Why is the number of fully functioning brains so relevant to our determination of individuality and what implication does that have on a fetus' personhood?
Recall please that I don't
Sure, we can get back to the personhood thing at a later point (as a minor nitpick, a fetus is alive and has human DNA, so I would say it IS a “living human”, although not necessarily a person). Anyway, I realize that for now we’re just discussing if it should be legal to cut off life support for an innocent (healthy) person without consent; I realize you’re not conceding that any particular type of fetus is a person.
Well, I don’t know if the semantics matter or not, but for whatever it’s worth, I think a more appropriate definition of “innocence” for the purposes of our discussion is “absence of guilt”, period. But I think the semantics don’t matter that much. I think we agree that the fetus residing inside a woman that does not want it there is causing harm (at the very least, emotional harm) and that it is not guilty of any transgression that would make it deserving of death or of any other kind of punishment. I think that covers whatever relevant concepts pertained to the question of “innocence” of the fetus. Agree?
Let’s stay away from what the Constitution says and what current law is. For one thing, we don’t need to limit the topic to the U.S. But moreover, I’d much rather explore what SHOULD be than what IS as a matter of current law or what relevant laws probably WOULD be regarding a given scenario and act. (also, if we go down the road of a discussion of constitutionality and law, we’ll be going down an entirely different, long and complex road – if a road can be complex…maybe not the best metaphor, but you know what I mean. I was doing ok until I got to that third adjective.).
Tough question, as a matter of general principle, even if, as I’d like to do, we are asking what the state SHOULD require rather than what it could under the U.S. Constitution or current law. You may have intended it to be a rhetorical question, which would be understandable, but it illustrates a gray area rather than serving to wholly refute the point of the scuba analogy. While I would lean toward saying that the state should not require such a thing of a woman, even if it is necessary to save the life of a PERSON, that is because of the magnitude of the violation of the would-be surrogate’s body rather than because NO infringement by the state could be justified. In other words, it’s a matter of degree: HOW MUCH infringement on bodily liberty is justified to save another person? Which leads me back to my scuba analogy, and why I’d like you to return to it and provide another iteration of a response to it in light of these comments. I only need to spend five minutes ascending to the surface to save your life. It would be only a minor inconvenience. Should it be illegal for me to force you away from me, knowing that you will die as a result?
Also, just to add another variation of essentially the same hypothetical, let’s say that, for some bizarre reason, John Doe can save a thousand lives if he will just cut off one millimeter of one hair. Should the state (i.e., the law) require him to do so? If not, are there ANY circumstances you can imagine (realistic or otherwise), with ANY type and magnitude o frelated consequences depending upon the actions of the individual in question, in which you WOULD say that the state should require that individual to accept even the most minor, most temporary alteration of his body, or for that matter that the state should infringe upon bodily liberty in any other way for the benefit of others (excluding imprisonment of convicts/suspects/etc.)?
Well, that one is surprising. While not everyone will agree, I think the only sensible view of personhood – of what makes a person a person – centers on the functioning of the brain. You can chop off every other part of my body, but if my brain is still functioning as it was previously, I am still a person (and still me). Alternatively, if you puree my brain but somehow keep my body “alive”, I am certainly no longer a person, let alone me. Some may disagree, but I’m going to be frank and undiplomatic and say that such people are being just plain silly. So conjoined twins with separate, fully-functioning brains are most certainly two persons, not one.
More responses
But got to taper off as I'm gone for the holiday.
First, to answer your nit, a chicken egg has chicken DNA and is alive, but I feel comfortable saying it isn't really a "living chicken". Maybe that's a semantic thing.
Innocence being absence of guilt: I don't think that is sufficient. I don't consider a rock or grass to be innocent per se.
To answer your Scuba analogy again, I would say that it is reasonable to require you to take him to the surface and it is reasonable to require them to pay a reasonable fee for your time. We as a society have agreed that scuba equipment is a commodity that can be replaced. That is very distinct for organs (even temporary usage) or 'consent' for various activities. And I agree that this SHOULD be he case as well as actually being the case.
The hair case is inappropriate as we have been discussing theft of major body activities. Hair is not such an organ. The law can require you to cut your hair to join the military or if you are imprisoned. I'd say use of 'dead' portions of your body such as hair and toenails don't rise to the same level as living, active components.
Finally, on the conjoined twins. That was kind of my point. You see the brain as the seat of individuality. The fetus that has none should not be compared to the conjoined twin that does. As the fetus' brain slowly develops, this slowly becomes murkier, which was why I chose that point that I did (it is pretty clear that all of the organs involved belong to the mother)
Have a good Holiday. I'll
Have a good Holiday. I'll reply before you're back (I assume)
K, Pardon my delay. Forgot
K,
Pardon my delay. Forgot about this until just now, and it might be a few days before I have a chance to reply, but I will eventually. I appreciate the exchange.
(Hoping to resume this
(Hoping to resume this discussion with knocienz)
Hypothetical, somewhat similar to the scuba one, but getting away from "equipment" (which I consider extraneous anyway) and focusing only on bodily liberty:
I'm hiking up some mountain (in the wild, not on any path or in any environment in which anyone might assume there would be some inherent obligation to help other hikers, other than whatever obligation one human may owe another generally). As I cross paths with a stranger (neither of us expected to see each other or to see any other person at all), he slips and grabs onto me to avoid falling over the edge of a cliff to his death (I did not offer my hand or do anything signalling an offer of help). IF -- big if -- letting him hold onto me for a few seconds until the danger passes presents no threat to me (i.e., a reasonable person would not perceive any threat, nor do I feel any threat/danger), should it be legal for me to break his grip, knowing it will result in his falling to his death?
What I'm getting at, of course, is whether or not the law should consider my bodily liberty absolute or if -- and based on what required conditions -- I should be legally obligated to devote my entire body to saving someone else's life. So in addition to answering my hypothetical question, perhaps you can give your answer to that general question.
thanks.
OK... here's your answer
For your hypothetical, I'm not against Good Samaritan laws (which is what you are referencing), at least not from a constitutional/legal/ethical/moral perspective. I am leery from the enforcement angle. i.e. Basically, the only people you are actually going to be able to prosecute are the folks who aren't aware of the law and don't simply say "He slipped" or "I thought he was going to pull me off the cliff" etc.
So I would be very suspicious of such laws because they would be so arbitrarily enforced. (Also, such laws get fairly complicated because of the liability laws that tend to get passed along with them.)
As to whether the law should consider your bodily liberty to be absolute, no, I don't think it is absolute. What I do think is absolute is that society cannot give you less control over your body than they give others. Limiting a women's control over her uterus is a major intrusion specific to pregnant women. Meanwhile we (as a society) skip by all other less intrusive constraints on the general population such as mandatory blood donation, mandatory bone marrow donation, mandatory organ donation (after death) or mandatory kidney donation (possibly more intrusive, but less likely to actually occur) despite the at least as strong interest in saving lives.
So at a minimum, I'd say that the level of intrusion has to be identical and broad based. Exactly where is that line? Personally, I'd draw the line such that organ donation for the deceased was an 'opt out' instead of 'opt in' and give tax breaks for blood donations and membership in the bone marrow registry but would not mandate blood donation (which is a line way below giving the state the right to control your reproductive system for 9 months). I'd also suggest that the line couldn't go too much higher without bumping into eminent domain issues.
thanks for your reply. 1)
thanks for your reply.
1) Just to keep things simple (even if unrealistic) for the sake of sorting out the principles, if we assume that I, as the hiker, do not perceive any danger to me at all from allowing the other hiker to hold onto me for a few seconds, and if we put aside difficulties/problems related to prosecution/enforcement, so all we have is the simple matter that I just preferred to break the other guy's hold on me (knowing it would lead to his death) because I didn't want my hike to be delayed for even a few seconds, should it be illegal for me to break his grip, leading to his death?
2) If your answer is that it should be illegal, would your answer be different if, for physical/physiological reasons, only about half the population could someday be (or had a much higher probability of being) in the position I was in in that scenario? (in other words, "the intrusion" is not "identical and broad based")
3) Re: "giving the state the right to control your reproductive system for 9 months", (A) what about one hour -- Should a woman have an absolute right to abort a fetus one hour before delivery (crowning)? (B) What if, hypothetically, proceeding with the delivery instead would cause the woman zero pain or even physical discomfort or risk fo any adverse physical effects of proceeding with delivery instead, so the degree of "intrusion" is greatly diminished, at least in terms of time and physical suffering? (C) What if we have "A" and "B" plus men got pregnant and gave birth, too?
[edit: (4) The general question is: Even if the law would, in practical terms, apply only/more to roughly one half of the population, should we still have a law against taking a physical action that one knows will lead to the death of another even if there would be (in the eyes of both a reasonable person and the eyes of the acting individual) no significant "cost" (harm or risk of harm, physical, financial, emotional, etc.) of NOT taking this action (say, just an extremely minor inconvenience)?]
I realize I'm asking extreme (and in some cases unrealistic) hypotheticals, and that there's quite a distance between these hypotheticals (and answers to them) and all/most abortion situations. Just trying to get a better sense of absolutes vs. matters of degree, and with the latter, the factors and lines you'd draw, and from there try to work back to the real, practical world.
As a note, I'm also staying away from comparisons to active life-saving (donating blood or bone marrow) and sticking to the question of active killing (my hiking example was arguably not even active killing, but rather just taking action that would predictably lead to death, so it's not even as extreme a hypothetical as perhaps I could have constructed. More like cutting an umbilical cord than slicing up another person, if we assume, just arguendo, that the fetus in question is, like the other hiker, a person).
Too unrealistic for my blood
I don't believe you can completely separate whether something should be legal from whether you can create a good law that encompasses the act. Also, the 'if men got pregnant and gave birth' hypothetical comes down to "If the world were completely different, would you be different too?". Also, the idea of 'making something illegal' is somewhat of a false dichotomy and the wrong question (IMO)
Simply declaring something 'illegal' is useless (And one of the reasons I have such little respect for the anti-abortion crowd that wants to make abortion 'illegal' but then runs away when someone asks what the appropriate punishment would be for the woman who gets one.
My answers to the avove are "Yes, it is wrong" and that I think we could certainly make it less likely via the informal societal pressure (i.e. I don't think that assholes who let people die because they don't feel like helping them are a protected class. If their boss fired them for violating there company values I wouldn't support them having a cause of action. I'd probably also accept civil liability similar to wrongful death via gross negligence. I don't think you could create a good criminal framework and would therefore not support creation of such. IF I moved to a state that already had such a framework and it was clearly functioning well however, I would be surprised and would not insist on its repeal until it clearly failed.
I don't think individual laws need to affect everyone equally as long as the general class of laws does not single out or exempt a predictable subgroup. i.e. if the law requires everyone to donate blood if healthy enough to do so, then the hemophiliacs of the world are exempt, but (a) the hemophiliacs are not a large enough group that they conceivably voted themselves privileges and nobody(sic) stands up and says "I wish I were a hemophiliac. The the power would be mine!" Likewise, laws against abortion in the context of laws requiring kidney donation would be part of a general class of laws that diminish bodily inviolability to everyone and therefore wouldn't be as big a deal (even though I would strongly disagree with them)
I've answered (3) before. When the state can substitute its own care for the woman's, it can gain some level of control. If there were a method of inducing delivery that was of equal risk to inducing a miscarriage, I can't think of a problem with having the State mandate the former rather than the latter. However, the actual case that you give, a woman carrying a child 9 months to get an abortion an hour before hand for no reason is such an outlier that it isn't worth considering from a legal perspective. While I'll answer unrealistic questions from a philisophical or moral perspective, the law should not be written based on such outliers.
Finally, you are conflating active life saving with voluntary life saving. If a fetus were a full living person, then the mother is continuously and actively saving its life. That it is being managed by the autonomic system is, to me, not relevant. I give the voluntary part of the brain dominion over the autonomic system in that, if they choose to interrupt or modify their own autonomic functions, to the detriment of others, that's up to them.
So here's your unrealistic hypothetical question in response. If a woman had the voluntary ability to override their autonomic reproductive system in the same way that we can override our autonomic breathing function. Would you consider the choice to stop building/constructing that new person to be killing? If not, then if that voluntary override was present in a majority but not all women. Would you consider it less moral for a woman without that ability to get medical assistance (i.e. an abortion) to do what most women could do by choice?
Can you humor me and answer
Can you humor me and answer my questions anyway, putting aside (just assuming away just for the sake of argument) whether or not a hypothetical would be "an outlier" and whether or not there would be prosecution/enforcement challenges/limitations or inherent/practical inequities, and as the questions were stated rather than by adding conditions that largely escape the question (e.g., answering my #3 as is rather than under the added condition "If there were a method of inducing delivery that was of equal risk to inducing a miscarriage")?
Again, I'm just presenting extremes and unsual/unrealistic scenarios to get at the principles involved, to distinguish between absolutes and balancing with matters of degree, and for the latter, what types of factors, degrees, etc. you think should be considered. So if you'll indulge me, we can lay that out, and of course you can always point out why an answer to one/some/all those hypotheticals is inapplicable to the abortion issue in reality and/or for practical reasons, and of course I wouldn't presume some answer necessarily (or even likely) translates into some policy position, so I don't see what's lost with exploring these questions and principles in the abstract, and IMHO something can potentially be gained in terms of understanding important principles, whether or not (or to what degree) they translate into a rational basis for policy/legal preferences (and it's possible that they would to a greater degree than it might seem at first).
So I hope you'll answer those questions, directly and as stated.
[edit below]
Re: "conflating active life saving with voluntary life saving", perhaps I need clarification of what you mean, but I think what we are talking about, in essence, is under what conditions one should have the legal right to take some action that will either directly kills another person or that one knows will lead to that person's death. The former (active, direct killing, as in cutting up the fetus) is the more extreme of the two, so I think that's the better starting point for trying to determine the nature and extent of the position that the woman should have the legal right. In other words, assume we're not talking about a woman having the umbilical cord cut, but rather having the fetus cut up to kill it (and yes, assume that this is the only option available to any pregnant person wishing to avoid giving birth). Again, let's start at the extreme to define principles, factors, degrees, boundaries, etc., and work our way back to reality.
You can't separate the law from its applicability
A law that required all people to save other people as long as it didn't put them in jeopardy (and removed liability if they tried but failed (and they were qualified to make the attempt (i.e. someone tries to do a heart bypass even though they weren't a doctor))) doesn't bother me and is, in my opinion within the scope of government action because it applies to everybody.
That said, I wouldn't trust you or anyone else to create or enforce such a law so I would vote against giving delegating you the authority to make such a law. Write your law, including punishment and criteria and I'll tell you if I would support it. In other words, I'm fine with it in principle, but consider it impractical. So I won't put it into practice. If I were proven wrong on the applicability, I'd be fine leaving the law in place.
The problem is that the outliers are so strange that if they occured, (a woman choosing to go 9 months and then terminate?!?) there will always be a relevant and critical piece of information that is not being discussed. Is there a birth defect that she just discovered that would put her life at risk? Has she suddenly gone insane? Was she kept captive for 9 months? Such hypotheticals do not exist in such a vacuum.
It all goes back to the original principle of treating people equally. IFF the state can require you to come to court for several hours to be a witness, then it isn't an innate violation to require someone in their final hour of pregnancy to stick it out (provided it doesn't add any risk).
Your final hypothetical is a completely new topic outside of the scope of abortion. As such, you need to answer my hypothetical, acknowledge that my views, while possibly different are in fact consistent (which I believe was your original complaint regarding pro-choice individuals) and find a place to start a new thread.
I may not have chance today
I may not have chance today to reply. Check back tomorrow and next day. (Don't reply to this comment; I plan to edit this comment to replace it with my reply, and I think I can't edit if you reply to it.)
I think the law makes it pretty simple
a fetus is a "potential" life and therefore not a person.
I'm sorry, I don't really have much to say on abortion other than:
1. Right to privacy DOES MATTER
2. A fetus is not a person....legally.
Even if, just arguendo, it
Even if, just arguendo, it were a simple legal matter, that wouldn't make it necessarily a simple matter from a moral perspective (and laws can change, and aren't the same in every country/state/etc.)
Do you think -- not legally, but in your own view of personhood -- that a fetus ten minutes before delivery is NOT a person, but ten minutes after delivery IS a person, and if so, what does that say about what you think makes a person a person (your criteria for personhood)?
My belief is that personhood is a function of the nature and level of our thoughts and emotions, and I would have trouble distinguishing between those two fetuses, calling one a person and one not. And if they are both persons, they both have a right to life.
Morally,
I think abortion is terrible. If someone is going to do it, the sooner the better and be done with it. I would never favor taking that recourse away from a woman.
Morally, as a terrible and traumatic the whole ordeal is, I think having a late term abortion is even worse. Now you're treading a fine line between a fetus and a viable baby. I would frown on any woman that waited so long to make this decision and would hope she had a darn good reason. But again, I would choose to take that right away.
However, if such a law were passed to restrict late term abortions, I would be that troubled by it.
We could all have bad
We could all have bad feelings and be troubled by killing a fetus OR taking away a woman's liberty, but ultimately we are left with the question of how to weigh one against the other. Are you saying that you would oppose any law that restricting any late term abortions? If so, since I assume that you would oppose infanticide because an infant is a person, you are presumably asserting that a fetus ten minutes prior to delivery is not a person. Which leads back to the question of your criteria for personhood.
easy there
let's not look for absolutes.
I think my views are pretty clear.
late term abortions are a real gray area. The fetus, at this point, is viable outside the womb even though it's technically not a person until born.
This is real fuzzy. I said this one troubled me and it does. I don't have a solid opinion in terms of law but my instincts do lean toward the mother's rights.
Again, not a topic I have a lot to say on.
I'm pro-choice. I side with the woman's rights. Her rights supersede the "potential rights" of a "potential life". Nonetheless, that late term issue troubles me. I wish women didn't wait that long.
That's all I can say.
I don't know if you're
I don't know if you're interested enough in the topic to continue, but if you are, why do you consider viability relevant to whether or not the fetus has a right to life? If viability someday exists from day 1 of a pregnancy, would you oppose all abortion or at least have difficulty deciding (considering it a "gray area")?
Or, to go to the other extreme (and I'll go with a weird hypothetical here), suppose for some reason a baby is born, but the umbilical cord cannot be cut without the baby dying. Let's say that baby three years later still cannot survive if that umbilical cord is cut. It's not viable if detached from the mother. Does that lack of viability mean that child does not have a right to life?
I assert that the only thing that matters as far as a right to life is whether or not the fetus is a person. If it is, then it has the same right to life as any other person. If it isn't than a woman's liberties should not be infringed upon.
I'm not sure what you mean when you say that a fetus is "technically" not a person until born. It may be defined that way legally (or not), but whether or not one considers it a person depends on one's criteria for personhood, which is what I'm inquiring with you about. What makes a person a person?
I'm still sorting through this
(kind of a lifetime process) but presently it seems to me that even if one concedes personhood from the zygote stage, the argument that a woman has the absolute right to control her body is defensible.
If you hypothetically have the only two kidneys in the world that can save my life, I don't have the right to force you to have a surgery to give me one. I could say it would be monstrous of you to not do so. If you and I are the only people in the world with a particular blood type and I need a transfusion to survive, I can't make you give it to me. Even if you said you would and then you changed your mind at the last minute. Even if you were driving the car that hit me and caused me to need the transfusion in the first place. Though it would be monstrous not to give me your blood.
It makes sense to say, "One person's life trumps another's convenience," and I think the only reason in the world abortion is as common as it is is that we've convinced ourselves that there is only one person involved in an abortion, BUT logically I'm not sure of the argument that could prohibit it.
Not touching this one
Adding this one brief comment to your comment Rachel because it seemed the best place, although the other women posting comments have made similar points; and I feel some obligation to say something on this topic.
Regardless of the rationality, or how many ways the men want to slice and dice this one in the name of logic, they will never understand the entire picture. Just as I will never completely understand what it is to be a man.
Yes. And that's as complicated as we should make it. All this application of logic just muddles the underlying, immutable reality.
"The human race divides politically into those who want people to be controlled and those who have no such desire." --R. Heinlein
Good hypothetical and
Good hypothetical and well-argued point. If I may tweak your hypothetical, suppose you were one of two conjoined twins. You and your twin are adults. You learn that you would likely survive an operation to separate you from your twin (because your twin is essentially using some of your organs -- whether that makes physiological sense I'm not sure), but your twin will certainly die. You do not have your twins consent to undergo this separation surgery. If you could somehow make it happen without your twins knowledge (don't ask me how -- just a hypothetical), should that be your legal right (assuming the knife cuts into what would be considered your body)?
I think my hypothetical is a bit more appropriate because your hypothetical involves not saving a life/organism, whereas mine involves (active) killing, as does abortion.
Off topic: John, the email address I have for you
is suddenly not working...
Come, my friends. 'Tis not too late to seek a newer world -- Tennyson
my email is down
long story. Should be back up this week. I'll put my gmail in my account settings for you. Check for it.
Actually Brendan
that didn't work. I just sent you an email from gmail account.
In my late night stupor
i forgot to put the word "not" in my final two statements. I woul not choose to take that right away and I would not be troubled by it. Sorry
My take on this topic:
I'm strongly pro-choice, always have been, and alwaysl will be. Imho, it's completely and totally unconscionable to take away the right for any woman or girl to have an abortion, thus forcing her to carry an unwanted pregnancy to term. The pro-lifers often refer to getting an abortion as murder, or a selfish act, or being sacrosanct.
Frankly, imho, none of these arguments even begin to hold water! I firmly believe that bringing unwanted children into the world is even more selfish and a far bigger crime against humanity than getting an abortion. With rare exceptions, even the tiniest baby can sense whether or not s/he is wanted.
So should mothers be able to
So should mothers be able to legally kill their unwanted babies? Unless you assert that the fetus is not a person -- equivalent to a baby -- than that seems to be where the logic of your argument leads.
Sure, a baby can be given up for adoption, but that's actually beside the point. What if, for some reason, that weren't an option? We'd have a situation in which a mother is stuck with an unwanted baby and vice-versa. Would you favor legal infanticide in such a situation?
I have to disagree with you, B Rational.
As I pointed out in my post, the fetus is not a person until it's fully developed and out of the womb after a full nine-month term.
Secondly, I 'd only consider it infanticide when the infant is a full-term baby and outside the womb.
Thirdly, carrying the baby to term and giving it up for adoption can and often enough does backfire. Horror stories about an adopted child seeking out and finding his/her biological mother, with disastrous results, as well as adoptive parents and/or adoption agencies not wanting the baby because the baby's been damaged in some way or other have abounded. Inotherwords, giving a baby up for adoption is risky, risky, risky!
Welcome to the board, btw.
Thanks for the welcome. You
Thanks for the welcome.
You say "the fetus is not a person until it's fully developed and out of the womb after a full nine-month term", which does make your distinction between abortion at any stage and infanticide logical (i.e., not internally inconsistent), but it begs the question of why those are your criteria for personhood.
1) What makes a person a person? What is it that makes you a person?
2) Is your essential personhood dependent on your location (inside or outside a womb)?
3) Why is nine months of development required for personhood? Is a prematurely-born baby not a person? Why or why not? Why is a fetus at 8 months and 29 days not a person, but a newborn baby a person?
I will re-iterate my position, B Rational.
A baby is not a person until it's born and outside the womb! This applies, even to a baby born prematurely.
Instead of just reiterating,
Instead of just reiterating, I'm asking you to explain. WHY does personhood not begin until birth? What make us persons? Just location?
As for the baby born prematurely, do you believe that killing it should be legal under any and all circumstances?
I WILL not discuss this
in those terms........ "do you believe that killing it should be legal"......
Dude that is rank hyberbole as I said in my first post on your topic, yet you couch your discussion as 'rational'.
I will bow out of your rational discussion at this time.
I'm only half stupid
One more thing for you to
One more thing for you to look up: the definition of "kill" (as opposed to murder). Hint: if I step on a worm, I'm killing it. It was a living organism, and as a result of my action, it's now dead.
Glad to see you bow out. It's apparently not your thing.
Sheeeess
Distinctions without a difference is not my thing.
Last night in the suburbs of the city a boy was killed by an armed gunman.
v
Last night in the suburbs of the city a boy was murdered by an armed gunman.
I'm only half stupid
Oh man. ok, just to try a
Oh man. ok, just to try a bit more to introduce you to the concept of logic:
Correct logic:
Premise #1: All dogs have 4 legs.
Premise #2: Spot is a dog.
Conclusion: Spot has 4 legs.
Incorrect logic:
Premise #1: All dogs have 4 legs.
Premise #2: The animal over there has 4 legs.
Conclusion: The animal over there is a dog.
Just because "killing" can refer to murder or non-murder does not mean they are interchangable, and that when someone says "killing" it is sensible for you to respond as if they had said "murdering". Got it? I'd say 50-50 odds that you do, and maybe that's optimistic.
I imagine at this point you'll point out that some dogs don't have 4 legs. Maybe I shouldn't have said that, because it would have been funny.
Wait a sec,
the law can prohibit killing a premature baby without conferring personhood on it until it is older. In theory. Not saying it's a good idea but it is possible: the law can certainly make a distinction between procedures performed inside the womb and out as far as legality.
Come, my friends. 'Tis not too late to seek a newer world -- Tennyson
re: "the law can prohibit
re: "the law can prohibit killing a premature baby without conferring personhood on it until it is older."
Perhaps, but on what basis would it justify that prohibition (if the mother wanted to kill it) and would that be the right thing to do? Why shouldn't the mother have the right to kill an organism that, arguendo, is not a person?
The law
is apparently whatever most people in the country, through their elected representatives, say it is. Since you have already belittled the relevancy of the Bible I assume you place no validity in the idea of a "higher law."
qui tacet consentire
I'll need you to define what
I'll need you to define what you mean by "higher law" and how it relates to this topic. What is your argument?
As for law, yeah, you are sort of correct. The law in the U.S. is generally what elected representatives decide the law should be, but subject to judicial review per Constitutional constraints, etc. But what's your point?
If you take the Bible literally
then life begins when you draw your first breath.
qui tacet consentire
Even if that's correct (and
Even if that's correct (and I don't know if it is or not), so what? Someone's scripture might say one thing, someone else's another thing, I might imagine that my cat is telling me yet another thing. What is the substance and relelevance of some book that some group of people claim contains the word of an entity that they say created the universe and wants us to do and not do this and that, etc.? In other words, why should I care what the bible says, and what relevance does it have to the moral concepts involved in this issue (right to life vs. individual liberty)?
Are you seriously suggesting
that the Bible has no more relevance to the debate over abortion in the United States than an imaginary talking cat?
Are you seriously suggesting the Bible has no relevance to moral concepts in the United States of America in 2007?
What planet are you from anyway?
qui tacet consentire
I'm saying that some dictate
I'm saying that some dictate contained in your preferred scripture (even leaving aside the matter of interpretation), or in anyone else's scripture, is not, in itself a moral argument. The morality of an act pertains to the anticipated consequences: how that act will benefit or harm others. If someone comes along and says, "Well ya' know, Zeus says that abortion is wrong", I'll say, "Yeah, so? Do you have a moral argument or are you under the false impression that you just made one?" And the fact that belief in Jesus is more prevalent in the U.S. than belief in Zeus is irrelevant, even if I were speaking only of the U.S., which I wasn't.
I'm not saying the Bible "has no relevance to moral concepts". I'm saying that citing some position that the Bible and its supposed author takes on some issue is not a moral argument.
That's just absurd
It is absurd to suggest that a principle in the Bible is not a moral argument. For millions of Christians it is the very basis of morality.
You might not accept that premise but to suggest it is neither moral nor an argument is just ridiculous.
qui tacet consentire
Any deontological view of
Any deontological view of morality is absurd, even more so if it is based on a book supposedly written by an imaginary dude in the sky. But just so you don't think my point is dependent on my agnosticism, as I said, ANY deontological view of morality is absurd, even a secular one. Consequentialism makes sense; a deontological view does not.
In other words, if you say that act X is always immoral because the Bible says so (and millions of people share that view), regardless of any consideration of the harms that that act will likely cause relative to the benefits, then I would say you have a view of morality that makes a mockery of the word, if by "morality" we are referring to right vs. wrong, good vs. bad.
The harm vs the benefits
The morality of right vs wrong.
Assuming you live in a state that has a "make my day law', where someone breaks into your home you are not liable for killing them in self defense.
If a man breaks into your house and you shoot him, dead, are you then a murderer? Was it moral for you to shoot him.
However you want to logically parse the pros or the cons, you have to shot a man, in self defense, therefore you have killed someone. Your neighbor might say you are a murderer. Your other neighbor might say he was killing in self defense. Both scenarios have the same result a dead man. Both scenarios relate to a personal decision that you made when someone broke into your home. ( You could have chosen a taser instead of a gun)
What you are looking for is some kind of moral certitude that is impossible to define, which is in essence the beauty of liberty. It is somewhat uncertain, which is why it encompasses the notion of freedom. (individual decisions)
You can ask yourself is it fair for your neighbor to tell you you can't own a gun for self defense, because you might murder someone.
You can then ask yourself is it fair for your neighbor to tell you what medical decisions to make because you might murder someone.
I say the answer to both questions is no.
I'm only half stupid
How are spare parts not a car?
This particular view is that the fetus is a template being constructed by the mother, something she may choose to cease at any time. Requiring her to undergo this process without her continued consent is involuntary servitude.
Once society is capable of taking over this task without impacting her health, THEN and only then does society get to step in and take over. Thus, a mother who chooses to stop raising a child already born CAN stop raising her child and society can then step in to do so. Gestation cannot be delegated.
Re: "Gestation cannot be
Re: "Gestation cannot be delegated."
What if it could. What if we can/could remove an embryo/fetus and transplant it to the womb of another woman, or for that matter somehow (just hypothetically) gestate it in a lab from the moment of conception. Would you then oppose all abortions?
Does it matter to you whether a fetus is a person or not? Do you consider it a person? On what basis?
Should a woman have the legal right to abort a fetus ten minutes before delivery for any reason at all?
Re: "Gestation cannot be delegated."
Actually, I read an article last year that pretty much said that we're close on this front. I brought this up on another forum and some pro-choicers said it would change their opinion on abortion. Others said it would make them reconsider. If I'm not mistaken, it would render Roe technically the law of the land, but moot practically.
Very interesting thread.
while I understand the pro-life rationale
and the fact that gestating a baby apart from the woman would eventually be available and change some minds on the issue, where the hell are we going to put all the extra babies?
Who is going to support them? It will be a huge waste of resources. I certainly wouldn't want to fund that.
It might be crude but for unwanted babies abortions are way cheaper. Unless there are so many people willing to adopt here in US that we could feed the unwanted babies into that. But I doubt we would be ready for extra millions.
Interesting.
"To discuss evil in a manner implying neutrality, is to sanction it." AR
hmm "feed the unwanted
hmm "feed the unwanted babies"...
Are you channeling Jonathan Swift?
(hope that levity was not out of place in this context)
Not to sound like a broken record (and I'm old enough to know what one was actually like), I think viability, adoption options, etc. are all irrelevant. What matters is "Is it a person?" If it is -- if it is a person just as much as a newborn baby -- then it has a right to life, period. If it's NOT a person, it has no such right.
I guess the ability to bring all those fetuses to term
is going to be yet another reason not to declare the fetus a "person". It would overload our country plus piss off a lot of people :)
"To discuss evil in a manner implying neutrality, is to sanction it." AR
Heh, I know Ender has to be Pro-Choice
The constitution is pretty clear that you need to be Naturally BORN and not conceived to be a citizen.
So interesting question, since they clearly wouldn't be citizens,, if legislators passed laws making an embryo a person, could the president still have them ceased and held as enemy combatants (and tortured) sans trial? If he did, could he get the mother for providing material support to a terrorist?
hehehe
that would be one way to get at the mothers who vote democratic! A while later we will have books on "How I was tortured before I was born".
Good catch!
"To discuss evil in a manner implying neutrality, is to sanction it." AR
Not a great catch on the spelling errors though
Blech, I hate reading over my own comments and finding so many.
Why wait for embryo-hood?
Heck, we HAVE the technology to take a pre-fetus (aka Sperm + Egg) and transplant them to another woman. We HAVE the technology to take an embryo that was never IN a womb and implant it. But we don't. Why? Because (almost) nobody believes that embryos have human rights. How many funerals for embryos that fail to implant? How many murder investigations for starving the 2 week old
I am against bestowing human rights on a single cell and I doubt it will ever happen because of the whole 'frozen embryo' population.
So, to answer your questions, if you could gestate an embryo immediately after conception, I would NOT support the theft of property that it would entail to take it and gestate it elsewhere. Clearly, I don't think an early stage fetus to be a person for the same reason I don't consider a blueprint and an empty lot to be a house. The mother has not yet built it.
For some reason, people need to have a 'magic moment' where someone goes from being "non person' to instantly become a 'full person'. I go with a statistical 0%->100% at birth. The question of where one wishes to grant the same rights as a person is therefore somewhat vague. Why do you get and 'A' for 90% but a 'B' for 89.9? On what basis? Because I don't believe in involuntary servitude, for me it is the point at which the child no longer requires 'construction' from an external source and it can manage continued construction on its own. At that point it would go from being something the mother is building and therefore property to a person using the mother for life support (which the state could take over for 10 minutes prior to delivery)
You are cracking me up
"I don't think an early stage fetus to be a person for the same reason I don't consider a blueprint and an empty lot to be a house. The mother has not yet built it."
Dude who killed my house.....?
I'm only half stupid
That's totally irrelevant, B Rational.
Sorry, B Rational, but not only does the above-mentioned argument not even begin to hold water, but it's completely and totally irrelevant, to boot.
Since when has any mother aborted a full-term baby or even a 3-weeks -premature baby for any reason? Not that I heard of.
You're missing the point and
You're missing the point and are perhaps unfamiliar with appropriate methods of philisophical discussion. It is often useful to present a hypothetical question containing some extreme premise or scenario, at least as a starting point for further discussion. Doing so can help differentiate between absolute positions vs. matters-of-degree positions, can help establish just how far one would go with a rationale, can reveal an inconsistency in the rationale behind one's position (i.e, faulty logic), etc. If you understood that you would realize that I was not suggesting that many or even any women get abortions for frivolous reasons. Get it?
To look at it this way, B Rational,
The embryo or the fetus is definitely the blueprint of a life, but it's not a life per se. Again, it's not a person until it's born. While most babies are full-term, some babies are born prematurely, for whatever reason.
Having said this, I don't feel that being totally pro-choice and advocating a woman's right to make the decision about her body and baby being totally up to her is absolutist at all. In fact, this is an area where I take a harder llne. Again, to re-state my position: A woman or girl should not/must not be forced to carry an unwanted pregnancy to term. It's also true that birth-control methods aren't 100% foolproof; they can and sometimes do fail. Should a woman whose birth-control failed her, or a woman who becomes impregnated through sexual assault, or whatever, be penalized by being forced to carry that pregnancy to term? No, I think not.
Furthurmore, many anti-choice people are also anti-welfare, and yet they fail to realize that outlawing abortion and overturning Roe v. Wade will invariably
increase the welfare roles, not decrease them.
You've merely presented a
You've merely presented a tautology ("it's not a person until it's born") and points that are irrelevant to the question of personhood any associated right to life. Sorry, but I may not pursue this dialogue with you much further. My sense is that it would be a lot of work and probably still unproductive.
One thing's quite clear, B Rational:
One thing's quite clear here, B Rational. We really don't see eye to eye on this subject, and maybe it's best to let it go at that.
It is impossible to have a rational discussion
about this if you are going to accuse people that hold an opposing view as killers, advocates for genocide, or infanticide.
So let's not pretend like you are interested in being rational.
You can argue every side of this issue up, down, sideways and find a rational reason why celibacy is the best way, condoms are a violence on the human race, or whatever.
I don't see how if you are going to advocate for personal liberty as in, don't take my gun away, you can advocate for sticking your nose in a woman's bedroom, or Dr. office because frankly it's none of your business. It is a private matter.
I'm only half stupid
You have fundamentally
You have fundamentally misunderstood my point. Your entire comment is invalid. You should learn about conduct of philisophical discussions/debates, use of hypotheticals, the concept of "arguendo", and the "Socratic Method" (check wikipedia on the latter -- do that before posting another absurd comment).
Exactly how is my comment absurd
I'm only half stupid
Can you please check
Can you please check wikipedia on "Socratic Method" and look up the word "arguendo" in a dictionary as I suggested. Then tell me if you still think your comment had any validity.
I've stated my view
however you want to 'label' it is in my opinion.
You can B Rational and dissect the science of when the sperm and the egg create a life.
You can B Rational and state that condoms are a violence against procreation.
No matter how you dissect the issue on a rational level there is no way to unhitch this subject from an emotional level ever.
You can argue on moral grounds in which case the pro-choice position always comes out as immoral...... you've killed a baby.
You can argue on ethical grounds...... is it fair for society to pay , in crime, lack of education, unstable family environment, future jail time, for the 7th child of a 19 year old crack addict who sells her body for drugs and doesn't use birth control.
This issue is personal, emotional, and private; a many headed hydra that has been used to rile up the masses.
I'm only half stupid
I won't bother further with
I won't bother further with you on this thread. You keep falsely and baselessly attributing positions and arguments to me -- I believe out of honest misunderstandings on your part -- and you are either unwilling or unable to see that that's what you're doing. Not worth spending a lot of my time correcting an abundance of invalid statements.
Also check Wikipedia
Also check Wikipedia "Hypothetical Question"
where do you get this particular nonsense?
Any evidence?
"To discuss evil in a manner implying neutrality, is to sanction it." AR
Yeah.
Even though the baby's mind is supposedly a blank slate at birth, there's still some sort of deep awareness, because if a mother cuddles, loves and takes care of the baby, the baby will sense that s/he's a wanted baby. If, on the other hand, the mother neglects the baby, without cuddling it or anything, the baby quickly gets the message of being unwanted, doesn't smile or anyt hing.
Difficult topic to discuss rationally
From both sides, the arguments are primarily emotional. I appreciate the attempt to examine the pros and cons from an impartial perspective.
My own views fall in the mushy middle. I tend to favor the "until viability" stance, and I don't find your argument against it convincing.
Not at all -- this position defines the point at which a fetus becomes a person as the point where it is viable outside the womb. That an early stage embryo could be transplanted has nothing to do with its viability outside the womb -- it's still not a person, and hence still (legally, in this position) abortable. The argument has nothing to do with protecting the potential baby and that's why your counter is unconvincing.
An apparently convincing point only in a purely academic sense. Such hypotheticals don't illuminate -- e.g., what if viability were 100% in the first trimester but 10% in the second, what then! Since viability is in fact possible from ~21-25 weeks on (depending on what percentage you require) there's no need for proponents of "until viability" to confront this argument, it doesn't apply.
The best argument against the "until viability" position IMO is that medical technology is moving it earlier. However, there really is a more-or-less hard cutoff near 20 weeks -- the last trimester is spent adding fat and growing the baby, while the first two trimesters are spent developing the organs. Outside the womb, there's just nothing we can do to make an extremely premature baby viable. Even futuristic technology for dealing with <20 week fetuses will almost certainly involve some sort of artificial womb.
I think ~20 weeks is a reasonable point as far as brain function goes too. The fetus can respond to external stimuli, etc.
Now, I grant that the "until viability" position is essentially a compromise of convenience, and the philosophical arguments in favor of it are basically pasted on to the predetermined conclusions. However, I think it makes the most practical sense, and I think it's philosophically defensible if not 100% black and white.
(All numbers subject to debate, of course... but I hope the idea is clear.)
Come, my friends. 'Tis not too late to seek a newer world -- Tennyson
My refutation of "viability"
My refutation of "viability" arguments is indeed valid.
First, let's not get caught up in practical considerations and scientific limitations yet. Let's explore this on a philisophical level first so we can sort out the key principles, and then work from there toward applying those principles within practical constraints.
Re: "this position defines the point at which a fetus becomes a person as the point where it is viable outside the womb. That an early stage embryo could be transplanted has nothing to do with its viability outside the womb -- it's still not a person, and hence still (legally, in this position) abortable."
The transplantation aspect is really extraneous, not really essential to my argument. Let's say, hypothetically, that transplantation were not necessary -- that at some point science enables us to remove a zygote and have that zygote gestate on its own in a lab. Now go back to the question I pose: Would you then oppose ALL abortion (i.e., from the moment of conception)
Re: "what if viability were 100% in the first trimester but 10% in the second, what then! Since viability is in fact possible from ~21-25 weeks on (depending on what percentage you require) there's no need for proponents of "until viability" to confront this argument, it doesn't apply."
Again, it's important -- for the purposes of a philisophical discussion, to establish the relevant principles -- to forget what is possible and accept the premise of the hypothetical, just for discussion. So yes, the question certainly does merit an answer.
Viability is not the only rationale for abortion
It goes much deeper than that. Viability is just a convenient way to attempt to apply scientific criteria to what is essentially an emotional and extraordinarily personal decision.
It is, in many ways, similar to the decision that so many people face every day in determining whether to cut off life support to a family member who is near death or deemed beyond hope by medical experts. You can argue all you like about EKG results but it is essentially an emotional and practical decision.
qui tacet consentire
That's not what I mean by viability
"Viable: Capable of living outside the uterus. Used of a fetus or newborn."
If you have to essentially recreate the uterus (via transplant or an artificial womb in a lab) for the fetus to survive then I would not consider it viable.
Premature babies really don't get any medical care beyond what is standard for any person (e.g., coma patients). They give them air and food and keep them warm, sometimes steroids for lungs.
Since my position is, let's be honest, based chiefly on the actual medical conditions rather than any abstract philosophical considerations, I have limited interest in discussing counter-factual hypotheticals.
Come, my friends. 'Tis not too late to seek a newer world -- Tennyson
Counter-factual
Counter-factual hypotheticals can be surprisingly illuminating and useful, and can sometimes reveal inconsistencies and imperfections in positions and lead to more refined positions & policy. But to each his own.
Let me ask this then (and this may or may not be counter-factual, but it's at least plausibly realistic). In some part of the world where medical services are not available to provide viabilitiy for a very late-term fetus -- let's say even an 8.5 month fetus, would you favor legality of abortion in of that fetus, since that particular fetus would not be viable if removed from the womb?
I think that's a good point
and basically another flavor of The best argument against the "until viability" position IMO is that medical technology is moving it earlier. So I concede that the moving line depending on the available technology is a problem but as I said above it's my impression that there really is a cutoff near 20 weeks.
To answer the question, I would be inclined to prohibit abortion in your example, since the fetus is theoretically viable. I see a difference between being unable to guarantee survival and terminating the pregnancy.
However, it is counter-factual, because by the time the laws for all regions of the world are standardized the technology will be similarly equivalent ;-)
Come, my friends. 'Tis not too late to seek a newer world -- Tennyson
Re: "I would be inclined to
Re: "I would be inclined to prohibit abortion in your example, since the fetus is theoretically viable. I see a difference between being unable to guarantee survival and terminating the pregnancy. "
Why? What is it about theoretical viability that brings a right to life at that point that did not exist prior to that point?
Oh, and let's say, just
Oh, and let's say, just arguendo, that it is, for all intents and purposes, a virtual certainty that the fetus in this hypothetical would die if removed at that point from the womb.
Also, you say in your
Also, you say in your initial comment (with appropriate qualifiers) that the viability-based position is "philisophically defensible". How so? What is the thinking behind it? Why does viability make the difference between an organism with a right to life and one that lacks this right? Do you see personhood as the key criterion or even relevant?
The issue, as you point out,
is that the definition of personhood isn't an easy nut to crack. I'd take it a step further and say it isn't crackable, period. While some of the people before me have made respectable stabs at it, I'm not fully convinced: the transition from single cell to living, breathing human being isn't conveniently divided into stages.
When you think about it, unwanted pregnancy is simply not reconcilable with any of our ethical systems in the West: we base all our laws, all our notions of freedom, on the notion of the individual. We respect the sanctity of one's self, and our entire system is constructed on that.
Pregnancy is, whether we define the fetus as human or not, the simultaneous existence of two beings in the same 'sanctified' space: the fetus is a parasite (in the biological, not pejorative sense), but if we extend that sanctity of selfness to the fetus as well, we're in a moral paradox that cannot be resolved. The respect of one space is only maintained at the violation of another. Dilemma, in the ancient sense (no 'correct' choice, only bad ones).
So I don't think there's a 'right' answer to the abortion debate. Given this, I'm pro-choice by default: since either choice can be construed as 'bad', I don't like the idea of an outside body (political/social) mandating which of those to choose. Forced pregnancy is a violation of a woman's body, just as forced abortion would be. Unwanted pregnancy is a difficult choice for many women - so let them make that choice for themselves.
That's probably not the most impermeable system, but it's what I believe.
(This was a great approach to the topic, by the way - kudos on your essay.)
Saint, n. A dead sinner revised and edited. - Ambrose Bierce
Thank you for the compliment
Thank you for the compliment and for your interesting comment.
I agree that the dividing line in the course of fetal development between non-person and person is not something that is not obvious, nor would that precise point be an objective matter, even by my own general criterion of cognition (how MUCH cognition of what TYPE marks the threshold of personhood?). But I disagree that the proper approach is therefore to err completely on one side in either direction: your position of "we don't know exactly when personhood begins, so let's give a woman complete liberty to decide" or the opposite purist view of "we don't know exactly when personhood begins, so we should ban all abortion, lest we murder a person."
We can at least try to lay out criteria for personhood, and then seek to at least bracket the matter: What is the point prior to which the embryo/fetus cannot possibly meet those criteria (and therefore the woman's liberty should not be infringed), and what is the point beyond which it is certain or highly likely that the embryo/fetus meets those criteria (and therefore has a right to life). From the ends of those brackets, a process of refinement could begin.
Since my general criterion for personhood relates to cognition, so I can at least say that an embryo with no brain activity cannot possibly be a person, and therefore a woman's liberty should not be infringed. I also see no significant cognitive distinction between a fetus ten minutes before delivery and a newborn baby, so I think that that soon-to-be-born fetus is just as much a person as a newborn baby, and since I oppose infanticide, I oppose abortion at that stage, regardless of ANY other consideration (even, say, if the woman had been raped) except perhaps a danger to the life of the mother, which may -- may -- fall under self-defense.
What do you think?
Some thoughts:
This is why the abortion debate usually collapses on itself: there's an infinite loop in the syllogism that can't be explained away. If you posit that there are two possible routes - 'choice' or 'no abortion' - you still recognize that, from a level removed, you have a choice: 'choice' or 'no abortion'. In other words, the set itself appears as a member within the set. Hoorah for recursion!
But this is logic, and when you're faced with a developing fetus inside a womb, nobody cares about syllogisms or recursion (which is one of the reasons I challenge whether logic is the best approach to this issue). I find that I cannot develop any consistent attitude towards the issue, not because I'm feeble-minded (although that may be true!) but because I believe that the biological truths are resistant to categorization and analysis: we can try to categorize, to draw these lines of 'personhood', but we will never be successful in a way that others find convincing.
So I stick with 'pro-choice': it's not an extreme position, actually. Pro-choice still allows people to be anti-abortion if they want to be: the ability to have abortions does not preclude other people from rejecting them. It's the set that exists outside the members of the set that nonetheless includes it. Which is why I think it's the most honest alignment I can make in a debate that otherwise eludes me.
Saint, n. A dead sinner revised and edited. - Ambrose Bierce
Not sure I understand your
Not sure I understand your point in your first paragraph.
As for applying logic, I believe strongly that doing so to think through this issue -- or any issue -- is, if done correctly, infinitely preferable to illogic or the lack of active application of logic. Why? Because our goal is to make decisions that best fit our overall goals/priorities/values/morals, and applying logic is just a way of assessing if we are aligning our choices with those goals/priorities/etc. But enough of that abstract stuff (for this comment, at least).
Now on to your second paragraph. As I've stated previously to others:
1) The law should define what constitutes murder for the purpose of making it illegal and protecting the right to life of persons.
2) To do so, the law must define (explicitly or implicitly) what a person is.
3) The law doing so means that each individual CANNOT decide which organisms are persons and which not, and proceed to legally kill them.
4) We create the law and can change it or not.
5) Therefore, we must choose the criteria/standard for personhood for legal purposes -- i.e, to set the law that applies to EVERYONE, whether they agree that a particular organism is a person or not.
6) There is nothing inherently ideal or superior about the point of birth as the point of onset of personhood. Unless we first consider what makes a person a person, use that as a basis for our criteria for personhood and apply some standard/measurement of a fetus/baby against those criteria, we have no idea if birth is a better or worse point than some other point for establishing personhood. So unless we go through that exercise, birth is merely an arbitrary point having no relevance to personhood and an associated right to life. It's merely a convenient choice, since it's easily observable and the least common denominator (i.e, universally-accepted) criteria for personhood.
7) A law based on the "pro-choice" position you describe, if by "pro-choice" you mean in an absolute sense (at any stage in fetal development and for any reason), is indeed still, at least implicitly, a choice of the criteria for personhood and a right to life that is imposed on EVERYONE. Just because it would give a woman the right to kill the fetus right up to the point of birth, but not a minute after birth doesn't make it any less of a choice of at what points she has the right to kill that organism and at what point she loses that legal option.
Hey, I just thought of a new, whacky hypothetical. Suppose, a fetus develops fully at the 9-month point, but for some reason cannot be delivered and continues to develop just as a baby/infant/child would. Let's say this thing gets to 5 years old, learns to communicate from within the womb, shows some personality, emotions, etc. But he's still stuck in that darn womb (sorry to any ladies reading this -- gotta make you wince with discomfort just like that Lorena Bobbit stuff does to us guys). (1) Is he a person? (2) Should the woman have the legal right to kill him?
Just a placeholder
to say that I've read your comment and I'm going to reply, but it's going to take me a little time to put it together. Cheers!
Saint, n. A dead sinner revised and edited. - Ambrose Bierce
This has almost nothing to do with "personhood"
The same issues exist regardless of the accepted personhood of a recipient of such activities, be it generation/gestation or donation
I'm pro-life. My organ donor card, blood donor card and records with the bone marrow registry state that a hell of a lot more clearly than the voting records of a bunch of hypocrites who think people should be FORCED to spend 9 months of hard labor and increased health risk for a potential person.
Particularly when those same people think that it is too much effort to give a pint of blood and 30 minutes of time or go through the indignity of being buried without all of their organs, even to save several lives.
I'm also pro-choice because I don't think that those people should be forced to do so if they don't want to.
If you believe that killing
If you believe that killing an innocent person is murder and should not be legal, and/or that killing an organism that is NOT a person (and not even equivalent cognitively to a mouse) that is living inside a woman should be the right of that woman, then personhood has everything to do with having a (rational) position on this issue.
Do you think that a fetus ten minutes before delivery is not a person? If so, why? What is your criteria for personhood? And if it's "birth", tell me why that makes sense as a criterion for personhood -- what really makes a person a person?
See above
Hopefully that answered your question.
Even if a fetus WERE a person abortion would not be murder any more than not donating blood is murder. It is simply refusing to perform 9 months worth of CPR.
Personhood
The morality argument that a fetus is a "person", or even more strictly that a blastocyte is a person is based upon a theological premise.
The premise is that there is such a thing as an immortal soul and that it enters the developing being at some point. The difficulties with this position have been highlighted for hundreds of years, but religious believers don't read this sort of literature.
Several obvious difficulties with this belief: what happens with identical twins, if the soul enters at fertilization where does the extra one come from? If the soul doesn't enter at fertilization then when? Do fertilized eggs which fail to implant (about 30%, it is estimated) also have a soul?
If a being in the womb has a soul then what happens to it if the being is aborted? Does it go to heaven or some other special place? If it does then how is killing its corporal body something which should be prohibited?
Suppose you say that killing such a being is a sin: "Thou shall not kill", then how do you justify the death penalty or killing in war? The commandment doesn't say "thou shall not kill, except when the state sanctions it".
Now if you take away the theological argument and state that there is no scientific evidence for the existence of a soul you are left with humanitarian arguments.
1. Is destroying an unfeeling, unconscious, undeveloped being ethically worse than the alternative? The alternatives may include deformations or unsuitable environment in which to grow up. Many who support abortion wonder why some many are concerned about the well being of the unborn, but not of the already born.
2. Is destroying the unborn to the benefit of the mother (either because of health or even economic conditions) a suitable criteria? One already exists, the other does not. Are two people who are worse off better than one who is better off?
3. There is the practical argument. Nowhere in the world has banning abortion been successful. Nicaragua voted to ban abortions a year ago, with no exceptions. Recent studies have shown that the rate of abortions has not changed appreciably. What has happened is that safe, legal abortions have been replaced by unsafe ones and the maternal death rate has increased. Is the idea of banning abortions to make people pay for their "sins". This would seem to be the motivation of many who seek to punish those whose lives they don't approve of. A perfect example can be seen in the attitude towards welfare and imprisonment.
The disfavored are not to be helped or rehabilitated they are to be made to suffer. The contrast between Christ's teaching and the Puritan emphasis on punishment never seems to be noticed by these people. Christ didn't say "spare the rod and spoil the child". Why is there so little compassion in the US?
I go back to my current hobby horse, policy positions are mostly guided by how people treat authoritarianism. Those who favor a hierarchical social structure also favor strong punishment and restrictions on other people's options. It's all about control and being on a power trip.
--- Policies not Politics
Not sure I agree entirely:
I think we can make the personhood argument without having a notion of 'soul'. Why not the first time neural activity starts in the fetus?
Your first two points are well-taken but involve situations in which the fetus is likely not viable and/or threatens the mother. Can you extend your arguments to situations in which the fetus is healthy and does not threaten the mother's life (biologically, economically, or otherwise)?
Devil's advocate here: just trying to gain more precision in these discussions.
Saint, n. A dead sinner revised and edited. - Ambrose Bierce
As for a purely theological
As for a purely theological criterion for personhood, I consider it an inappropriate justification for the state depriving a woman of a major type of liberty, with potentially great adverse consequences for her (emotional, economic, etc.). And since I believe that what makes a person a person is cognition -- the nature and level of our thoughts and emotions -- I see no reasonable basis for considering a blastocyte a person. And if it's not a person (nor equivalent to any other animal with a level of cognition that could possibly confer upon it a right to life), it has no right to life and should not be protected by law from the woman in whose womb it resides if she wishes to abort it.
Re: your #1, your first two sentences raise fair points, but I would ask if you are making a clear distinction or not: Are you speaking ONLY of non-persons? It seems you are, but I ask only because the argument of deformity, unsuitable economic environment, etc. is offered by without such conditionality (i.e., either without consideration of whether or not an embryo/fetus is a person or regardless of whether it is or not). Would you say that those arguments are NOT justificaiton for allowing legal abortion of, say, an 8.5 month fetus?
Re: your #2, I see that argument as irrelevant, and unclear as to whether you are speaking of an embryo/fetus that you are asserting is not a person, if you are saying personhood doesn't matter (i.e., wouldn't trump the assertion that it's better to have one person better off than two people worse off). Can you clarify?
Your #3 is an argument I've proven to be weak (at best) in my diary. If, arguendo, the fetus is a person, then abortion is murder, and no one argues that we make murder legal to make it safer for the murderers.
The rest of your comment is just irrelevant rhetoric. No offense intended; that's just what it is, irrelevant and rhetoric.
Sorry to copy & paste, but
Sorry to copy & paste, but I want to make sure some commenters here have absorbed this paragraph from my diary: Pro-choice advocates often skirt the critical question of whether or not an embryo/fetus in a person, relying instead on arguments of personal freedom, economic hardship, birth defects, etc., none of which are valid if the embryo/fetus is a person. You can't "choose" to kill a person, except in self-defense (which, in this case, would be to save the life of the mother). For all the typical pro-choice arguments, ask a simple question: Under the same circumstances, would it be moral and should it be legal for a mother to kill a baby? If the answer is “no”, then, unless one is contending that the embryo/fetus is not a person, he/she is contradicting himself/herself. That is not opinion, but rather logic. If it’s ok to kill “A”, but not ok to kill “B”, than “A” must not be the same as “B”.
[bolding added]
It seems like
the whole of your argument's thrust here is get people to 'confess' that abortion is in fact murder.
Is that your point?
If you could just answer that question with a simple yes or no.
I'm only half stupid
Are you serious?? Seriously,
Are you serious?? Seriously, are you serious?? I get the feeling you just may be someone who is playing a joke on people by spewing obvious non sequiturs.
No, that's not my point, nor is there any reason whatsoever why any reasonable person would think there was any reason to suspect that.
I'm almost curious as to how your mind works. Almost.
Yes I am serious.
A simple yes or no would have been fine.
edit: your comment here "I think my hypothetical is a bit more appropriate because your hypothetical involves not saving a life/organism, whereas mine involves (active) killing, as does abortion."
I'm only half stupid
You'd be more likely to get
You'd be more likely to get a simple "yes" or "no" without any negativity attached if you tried to really listen to what people are saying, apply reason to their arguments, and try to arrive at a reasonable understanding of what they are saying, rather than baselessly, falsely and repeatedly attributing arguments and objectives to them. When you do that it's really irritating. I suggest that, prior to jumping on someone's argument and characterizing it in some highly negative fashion, you read it again, and then a third time, and ask yourself "Do I really understand this?" and "Is he/she really saying what I think he/she is saying, or am I injecting something that isn't there by being presumptuous or misunderstanding in some way?" Just some friendly advice, for whatever it's worth.
You're being a patronizing ass
qui tacet consentire
we can do without the name calling
thanks
We can do without self-appointed board nannies
qui tacet consentire
self-appointed?
OK
I suppose you're holding a
I suppose you're holding a grudge because you didn't like my comment regarding the relevancy of the Bible, which is perhaps a sensitive subject with you, not that I know for sure. I think more objective folks would find my suggestion to her at least somewhat (and perhaps completely) appropriate.
BTW, BR
I think you might be being a bit too strenuous on this. I understand the methodological exercise you're trying to drive this discussion with but in the end, I think, many people, especially those who disagree with the end result that you're challenging people to consider, simply do not have the patience to talk it through. They just want to get to the bottom line verdict. The philosophical or methodological road to that result may too tedious.
Some people just prefer their views and would rather just debate the old fashioned way by looking for things to make tangential debates about as part of that effort.
For my part, I did my best on this last night. I simply stick to my point that a fetus is not a person until it's born. I know it has holes in it but that's OK with me. Either way, I favor the woman's rights. But, on a personal level, I do abhor late term abortions. Why wait so long? But that's a personal opinion on the woman in question...not a judgment of the law.
As for your hypothetical way upthread about some future breakthrough that would allow the embryo or fetus to be removed and brought to birth without the mother, it's a touchy matter. In one sense, it's a pro-life way to avoid an abortion and preserve the life but it also could be a problem for psyche of the baby and the mother. I don't know.
If you're saying that people
If you're saying that people lack the intellectual maturity to have a real philisophical discussion/debate on this subject, you may very well be right, but if so that's quite unfortunate. I would like to think at least some people are able and willing to engage in such a conversation. I've found much of the discussion and debate here at SC to be at a higher intellectual level than, say, RedState, so I was (and still am) hopeful that people here can handle and would be interested in such discourse. If people are not willing to explore the premises and logic underlying their positions and consider if they are being illogical or not, and instead just want to maintain opinions and hold positions that they just sorta sense are right without really thinking it through, well I guess that's where the expression comes from that "Opinions are like a**holes. Everbody has one."
I would say that if anyone isn't mature enough to discuss this topic in a rational way, they are free to just show up and dump their opinion, but I'll encourage them to engage in a more substantive, adult discussion. I will try not to express too much irritation at those who decline, but missliberties comments to me on this thread (false characterizations of my arguments and disparaging remarks) just overcame my capacity for politeness.
I'm not sure if you'd like me to read your points in your comment regarding the abortion topic as an interest in engaging further or just a concluding comment regarding your view. Although I'd prefer the former, I'm fine either way.
Don't get me wrong
I sympathize with your frustration. I know exactly what you mean.
Like i said, I'm pro-choice and did what I could to engage your point here as you intended. I probably didn't follow through as stringently as possible perhaps. But yes, I did not engage in the type of debate that you are criticizing here.
That fact that others did and do often on other matters may just be a personality problem or it could be the product of heavy partisanship. I'm not sure.
There are liberals that generally do not take the low road you are talking about. I know quite a few. So I can't say it's an ideological flaw. Though, it must said, these liberals are generally less loyal in partisan terms and less steadfastly beholden to predictable positions and more willing to let go and just talk things through.
ok, thanks. As for liberals,
ok, thanks. As for liberals, on the abortion issue, with the view I hold and the rationale behind it, I've been on the receiving end of the same type of garbage from pure pro-lifers, pure pro-choicers, and some in between, so I don't see the unwillingness/inability to engage in rational discourse on this subject to be a matter of left or right.
Same deal with all the crap I took on RedState for daring to challenge the "truth" most of them hold as gospel that "tax cuts have always caused increased revenues". Immediately I was branded a "lefty troll", "insane", etc. Same thing when I challenged their belief that letting gays marry would spell the end of heterosexual marriage and our society.
Same deal when I tried to explain to the liberals on Thoma's site the simple point that I've posted as a diary here on SC regarding the irrelevancy of Social Security solvency to our policy choices -- which was simply a correction of a pervasive analytical/conceptual error, not a policy argument at all (i.e., not saying what policies we SHOULD adopt), but from their reactions you'd think I was demanding that every grandma in the nation be thrown out onto the street naked with two nuggets of dog food for the month.
I understand that some people are passionate about some issues. So am I. But it's unfortunate that some people don't have the maturity and self-discipline to rise above their impulse to jump to conclusions about where one is heading and to attack the position to which they think one is heading (and often even spew accusations of some malicious, hidden agenda) rather than taking arguments at face value and considering them on their merits and responding directly and substantively to arguments and questions.
OK, I guess I'm threadjacking the thread of my own diary at this point, so I should probably stop here.
Thanks again for letting me know you understand where I'm coming from. Maybe on another occasion or via email we can discuss if there's a way to cultivate a higher level of discourse on a more consistent and widespread basis.
Jesus, it's getting deep in here
And I forgot my hip waders.
qui tacet consentire
how so?
You two have decided
that others do not have the mental capacity to engage this debate at the stratospheric level of intellectual functioning that you both seem to occupy.
The rest of us can just look up in awe at your intellectual prowess.
It must be so frustrating for your brobdingnagian brains to have to deal with us intellectual lilliputians.
qui tacet consentire
No.
not at all.
You can take it that way but that's not true.
Besides, what BR was talking about is hardly stratospheric.
No, I am objecting to your patronizing attitude
toward Miss Liberties.
It has nothing to do with the Bible.
qui tacet consentire
Objection......
Point of order.
Look your logic just seems to be leading.......
And you still haven't answered the question.
(Don't worry overtime you will learn to love me)
I'm only half stupid
I answered. I said NO.
I answered. I said NO.
For goodness sake, would you
For goodness sake, would you PLEASE listen and think! I requested earlier that you look up the definition of "kill" (as opposed to murder). As I pointed out, if I step on a worm, I'm killing it. It was a living organism, and as a result of my action, it's now dead. It was not a person, so killing it is not murder. Don't you get it ???
Ending the life of any organism is killing.
Ending the life of an innocent person is murder.
All murders involve killing, but not all killing is murder.
Killing a non-person is not murder.
My referring to abortion as "killing" does NOT mean I am calling it "murder".
Just about EVERYTHING in my diary and my comments shows that I consider whether or not the fetus is a person to be the central question, because if it is a person, then killing it is murder.
I've said repeatedly that I consider personhood to be a function of cognition, so that an embryo/fetus with no cognition or insufficient cognition would NOT be a person, and therefore killing it would NOT be murder.
Can I POSSIBLY be any clearer??!! Geez Louise.
Well that was the clearest explanation so far
Abortion is not murder, but killing.
I just got done killing some broccoli. With it I had fish.
I am not sure if the fish was murdered or killed, but it was... delicious.
I'm only half stupid
I didn't say abortion was
I didn't say abortion was not murder. I said that calling it killing is not the same as calling it murder. Whether or not it's murder depends on whether or not it's a person. That's why I'm trying to get everyone to discuss what it is that makes a person a person, what the criteria are for personhood. People can have different criteria and different answers as to whether an embryo/fetus at a given level of development is a person or not. My (admittedly very general) criterion is sufficient cognition (thoughts and emotions). So, I would certainly say that killing an embryo that has no brain activity is not murder. I would say that killing a fetus that is 8 months and 29 days IS murder, because I consider that fetus a person, just as I would consider it a person a day later after it was born (on time).
Oh, and the fish was obviously killed. It was not a person, and only killing a person can be murder, so the fish was obviously not murdered. Understand?
Don't take her so seriously
really.
ok, I see now that that one
ok, I see now that that one was intended to sound ridiculous.
*slaps forehead*
We are all guilty of getting so wrapped up in a certain 'mindset, view point, premise, ' that we can't see the forest for the trees.
It. was. intended. as. humor. Ha ha!
I'm only half stupid
A vegan might disagree
IN vegan land I am known as the Random Fish Killer, destroying the harmony of the oneness of consciousness, one lousy fish at a time.
Perspective. It is all a matter of personal perspective.
I don't accept your premise, I therefore disagree.
Going round and round about the logic of what is and is not murder, or what is and is not killing is quite futile, unless you enjoy engaging in mental gymnastics, which it seems a good many of us here do.
I come from a different position than you do. You can torture any subjective thesis like this death with logic, and end up with little concensus.
There is no data to confirm or deny. And then the pioneers of the statistical analysis still argue over conclusions. The only constant is the emotional impact of stringing the words together ....... kill, murder, fetus, babies.
I'm only half stupid
Do you go by "anne" on Mark
Do you go by "anne" on Mark Thoma's blog?
I have never posted
on that blog, nor have I ever heard of it before.
I'm only half stupid
LOL...
Affirmation of humor
Come on now, you know that was funny..... :)
I'm only half stupid
debate
For your information Mr. Rational is just as argumentative and unresponsive to criticism elsewhere. Exasperation with his intransigence seems to be a common characteristic.
Save your breath. If I understand one of his recent remarks he is the same person as "Brook" on Mark Thoma's economics blog. I'm sure he'll set me straight if I misunderstood.
--- Policies not Politics
That's correct, rdf (not
That's correct, rdf (not much of a mystery, since I linked from that site to my SC diary several times). And I was perfectly reasonable on Thoma's blog. The problem was that many people there were interested only in rhetoric (along with presumptuousness, baseless & false attribution of positions and arguments, accusations of malicious hidden agendas and disingenuousness, etc.), not substantive, rational discussion/debate in which people actually address each others points/arguments/questions directly and substantively and evaluate them on their merits. The commenters on Thoma's blog are apparently a largely insular partisan bunch -- the same type as the RedState bunch, just different ideology/party -- who are more interested in an ideological circle j*rk than in any real exploration of issues.
I think people here at SC can judge for themselves my willingness to engage in substantive discussion/debate.
And as for my prickliness with Missliberties, anyone with an ounce of objectivitity and intelligence can just read through my exchanges with her on this thread and will conclude that it's AT LEAST understandable that I would be irritated at this point and that it would be difficult to be polite.
oh, and that's "Brooks", not
oh, and that's "Brooks", not "Brook", and if anyone would like links to threads at Thoma's site on which I've participated, I'd be glad to provide them so they can see for themselves that I was the guy trying to rationally discuss/debate, consider arguments on their merits, and encourage direct, actual answers to straight-forward questions, while most of the others were just full of irrational, evasive, partisan garbage.
rationality and politeness are often sadly in the eye
of the partisan beholder.
But yes, you are spot on about many of Thoma's posters. "Anne" is certifiable. There are some genuinely thoughtful posters but the most of the more common posters are exactly as you describe.
I've emailed Thoma about the tone and low economic thinking quality of many of his loyal posters but he never answers me.
He seems content to indulge faux-economic nonsense as long as he's sympathetic to the intent of the poster. Being that he is a PhD in economics, I would hope he respected his chosen discipline over partisan circle jerking where the ends justify the means.
also, just to clarify that this is not a biased
assessment of Thoma's blog.
The quality of the comments on Thoma's blog are not much different from DailyKos for the most part and definitely far below the thoughtfulness seen on Brad Delong's blog and Rodrik's blog. These two latter blogs are frequented much more by people who seem genuinely interested in economics and it shows the comment quality which tends to be much, much higher.
Likewise, as a libertarian, I can say that Reason's blog quality is far from the level seen on marginal revolution or Cafe Hayek.
Absolutely, 100% correct on
Absolutely, 100% correct on all counts, and well said.
Those dirty commoners
How dare they!
Democracy does change the dialogue, especially if you have to make the case to the 'common people'.
Sorry for the intrustion, I just couldn't help myself..... being a creature of glorious impulse as opposed to beautiful rationality.
I say if you can't make your case to the common people, you might not have one.
I'm only half stupid
See, B Rational?
It spills over into other areas.
;)
;)
yep.
sigh. oh well.
'It'
Yes 'it' sure does.
I'm only half stupid
Alternate conclusion
Or, alternately, you could conclude that, since a newborn baby is not significantly different from a late-term fetus, the newborn baby is not a person with a right to life.
We are the environment. There is no distinction. What we do to the earth we do to ourselves. —David Suzuki
That's true, one could hold
That's true, one could hold that position, and it would not be illogical. But I don't know anyone who holds that premise and favors legal infanticide on that basis. Have you seen/heard anyone take that position somewhere? Is that your position?
Not really a reasonable position
No, I doubt too many people would actually hold that position, and for a very good reason. My point was that it is pretty much a universal truth that a newborn baby is a person - and for what reason is that universally accepted? It has nothing to do with the state of the baby's brain, and everything to do with the fact that the baby is now a separate being. You are searching for what seems to me to be an arbitrary point at which you can call this growing organism a person, when there is already an unambiguous biological change that occurs. Any other point you choose, with the exception of fertilization, will increase the ambiguity.
We are the environment. There is no distinction. What we do to the earth we do to ourselves. —David Suzuki
Sure, birth is an
Sure, birth is an "unambiguous biological change", and sure, birth may be the one point at which everyone can agree that the organism is a person, but neither the lack of ambiguity regarding a particular event in the life of the organism (birth) nor the least-common-denominator view of what is a person is an argument for why the organism passing that point (birth) SHOULD be the criterion for personhood and its associated right to life. In other words, with respect, so what?
1) If you found out tomorrow that the only universally accepted point (the least common denominator) for the onset of personhood was a child's tenth birthday, would you say that it should be legal to kill a child up to that age for any reason?
2) What do YOU think makes a person a person? Is it not something related to the nature and level of our cognition -- our thoughts and emotions, rather than our location or whether or not a umbilical cord is attached to us?
What I think
1) No. It's not legal to kill a cat for any reason either.
2) Awareness of self. That probably occurs at different points for different individuals. Could be months before birth, could be sometime around the tenth birthday! But what I think is irrelevant, except as regards MY decision to have or not have an abortion, should that through some magic ever become a decision that I have to make.
We are the environment. There is no distinction. What we do to the earth we do to ourselves. —David Suzuki
ok, on #1 I may have stated
ok, on #1 I may have stated it too broadly. But rather than refine it, I'm going to skip to #2 because I think that would best advance our discussion.
After providing your criterion for personhood ("awareness of self") you write "what I think is irrelevant, except as regards MY decision to have or not have an abortion"
Really? Deliberately killing an innocent person is (generally speaking) murder. Would you say that each person should be able to decide for himself whether or not his neighbor is a person and, in turn, whether or not it's his liberty to kill him, OR do we, as a society, set murder laws based on some definition of personhood (implicit or explicit) -- laws which, needless to say, apply to everyone? It doesn't make sense -- whether we're talking about that guy's neighbor or any other organism that may or may not be a person - to say "well maybe I think it's a person or maybe I don't, but I think everyone should be able to choose for himself/herself whether or not it's a person and should have the liberty of kiling it if he/she so chooses." And why would such an approach stop at birth? Just because that's the least common denominator criterion for personhood?
As for your criterion for personhood, if it is "awareness of self", and if you are saying (unless you were just kidding) that this awareness of self does not arrive in the cases of some people until some time AFTER birth, rather than at the onset of birth or some prior point, aren't you saying infanticide in some cases is not the killing of a person, and therefore should be legal (let's say, if that awareness of self could, hypothetically, somehow be measured in an individual)? If you were just kidding on that point, when do you think that, as a matter of law, we should define a person, using the criterion of awareness of self?
Of course not.
Of course not. Are you saying that any person has the right to kill their neighbor’s unborn child before the fetus has achieved your definition of personhood? If not, I trust that you can see how your question is a flawed extrapolation of my argument.
You seem to be completely glossing over the fact that this is not about anyone’s rights; it is about the mother’s rights. Birth is a completely clear dividing line – before birth, the baby is completely and totally dependent upon the mother for survival, barring some invasive operational procedure to separate the two. After birth, the baby is an individual entity. To set the point of birth as the time when a mother’s rights become superceded by societal laws is not illogical, just because you say it is.
Actually, I am not the one who is using personhood as a criteria for the legalities or moralities of killing at all, you are. Personally, I have some pretty serious problems with killing cows, pigs and chickens, too. Personally, I'm pretty sure I would not choose to have an abortion myself. But I don't think my personal morality should be made law.
We are the environment. There is no distinction. What we do to the earth we do to ourselves. —David Suzuki
You had provided your
You had provided your criterion for personhood ("awareness of self") and then wrote "what I think is irrelevant, except as regards MY decision to have or not have an abortion". It certainly seemed as if you were saying that the determination of whether or not an organism (whether in the womb or walking around on the street) is a person should be left up to the individual that wishes to kill that organism.
1) Was that not your point? If not, what was the point of that statement?
2) Do you agree that, as a society, we must pass laws defining what is murder and that that definition contains – either explicitly or implicitly – a definition of personhood, and that, therefore, the definition of personhood is NOT left up to each individual who wishes to kill an organism that may or may not be a person, but is rather a distinction that must be made by society and reflected in law?
First, that question seeks to refute an argument that I have not made -- in fact an argument that I have been refuting myself in this dialogue with you . My point is that we do not (and should not) leave the determination of personhood up to each individual who wishes to kill an organism. In any case, just to be responsive to your question, no, a person has no such right, just as they have no right to chop down their neighbor’s tree (assuming it’s on the right side of the property line!), not to mention that people generally don’t have the right to perform surgery on other people against the latter’s wishes.
There is some glossing over occurring here, but, with respect, you’re the one doing it. Think about this logically. If – repeat, IF – the fetus is a person, and if all persons have rights, then there are the rights of two persons involved, right? So we’re back to the determination of personhood, and you may believe that a fetus even ten minutes prior to delivery is not a person, but you cannot logically say that ONLY the woman’s rights are involved unless you assert that the fetus is not a person or that it is a person without rights.
First, to be very clear, I did NOT say that “to set the point of birth as the time when a mother’s rights become superceded by societal laws” is “illogical”. What IS illogical is one making statements that contradict each other (I’m not saying you’ve done so; I’m just clarifying what I’m calling illogical), or faulty deduction (the latter in the “dog” syllogism I presented in my comment to missliberties). Now, an example of what WOULD be illogical would be if one were to say that he believes all of the following:
- that all persons have a right to life.
- that the criterion for personhood is some particular type/level of cognition.
- that the cognition of a fetus ten minutes prior to birth is essentially the same vis a vis that standard as that of a newborn baby.
- that a newborn baby is a person.
And then concludes that that fetus ten minutes prior to birth does NOT have a right to life. THAT would be illogical, because it’s essentially saying “It’s ok to kill A, but not B, but B is the same thing as A.”
As I’ve said before, the lack of ambiguity is not in itself an argument for the point of onset of personhood, nor for any other basis for whether or not an organism has a right to life, even if it may be convenient or remove one element of the overall controversy (measurement). I could say that the first signs of brain activity are a completely clear dividing line, albeit not evident to the naked eye as is birth and requiring more deliberate measurement, but even that is beside the point. What does the clarity of some “dividing line” have to do with an appropriate criterion for personhood and the associated right to life (or of a right to life on any other basis)?
So? What does complete dependence have to do with whether or not the fetus is a person? If an adult conjoined twin is dependent on his brother’s organs and dependent on them for survival, does the former not have a right to life? Should his brother have the right to undergo separation surgery without his consent even if that means certain death? Or, just to make a wild hypothetical for the sake of discussion, if for some reason a baby would not survive if the umbilical cord were cut prior to his fifth birthday, is he not a person at age four, and should his mother have the right, therefore, to kill him at age four, simply because he is still completely dependent on her for survival?
What do you mean by “inidividual entity”? Simply physical separation? Are you saying that a fetus ten minutes prior to birth is not an individual entity simply because he is physically attached and/or simply because he is physically dependent on the woman? Assuming you consider a person to be an “individual entity”, what does location or physical dependence have to do with personhood?
First, you are mistaking what I am saying is a sufficient condition for denying the choice of an abortion with what I’m saying is a necessary condition, although I must admit I have not consistently made that point explicitly and some of my statements, by failing to include that qualifier, may have caused that misunderstanding. I’m saying personhood is SUFFICIENT to establish a right to life. It may be that some type/level of fetal cognition that does not yet establish personhood IS the equivalent of some other animal life form that has some type of a right to life. But that gets into a gray area within a gray area, so I only mention it in passing (and sometimes not at all), rather than divert attention down the road of the animal rights issue.
I think we’ve already established that the definition of murder and, therefore, the definition of personhood is not up to each individual, but rather must be made law. Moreover, you DO support one type of your “personal morality” being reflected in the law. You have simply chosen birth as the key “dividing line” for the acquisition of a right to life, and you have not provided much of a justification for choosing that point -- only that it’s “clear” and that it’s the least common denominator view of personhood / right to life, which apparently (if you’ve thought it through) reflects your moral view that it is more moral, for some reason, to only grant a right to life to organisms who are universally recognized as persons (the least common denominator), regardless of what criteria for personhood you or I would have or would even consider reasonable -- and I think (not sure) you agree that, if that least common denominator (what everyone could agree on) in some society were that a child is not a person with a right to life until age ten, you would oppose the legalization of killing of children under that age, so there goes the legitimacy of that least common denominator approach.
Some replies
Woof, lots to reply to here, and I'm supposed to be working! Just a few quick responses:
First, I don't have a problem with there being different laws regarding people in the womb vs. people walking around on the street. You seem to, and that's fine. There clearly IS a difference between a born child and an unborn child. Whether that difference is enough to base laws upon is a matter of opinion.
Second, I never said that ONLY a woman's rights are involved before the actual birth, I said that the woman's rights become clearly less important after the baby is born.
Actually, no. The dividing line of birth has NOTHING to do with my personal morality. My personal morality would not allow for the killing of a fetus at any point in development (without some compellingly good reason). However, I do not feel at all comfortable with creating laws that force women throughout the country to follow my moral values. The dividing line of birth allows women to make their decisions based on their own moral values. I would hope, and I suspect I am right, that a vast majority of women would not choose to have late-term abortions. But as I said, I am simply not comfortable with forcing their decision.
I don't see birth as a least common denominator, I see it as the point where the care/protection/whatever of the baby passes from the mother alone to a more societal role. You seem to feel that the government should get involved earlier than that. OK. That's fine. I certainly would not protest the creation of laws prohibiting late-term abortions (with appropriate exceptions), but I would not advocate for such laws either.
We are the environment. There is no distinction. What we do to the earth we do to ourselves. —David Suzuki
I'll wait to see if you add
I'll wait to see if you add more. Before you do, though, please re-read my last comment, because you are still misunderstanding (and inadvertently misrepresenting) some of my arguments (also, please take some care to include all relevant and essential parts of a quote). I don't want that to come across as negative -- I appreciate this dialogue. I realize you are short on time right now (as am I, despite my failure to resist commenting), and my comment is a lot to digest and respond to, so maybe it's best to wait until you have a chance to read it carefully and respond then.
Addendum
Don't have much more to add, but here are a few more responses to specific questions in your post:
and
I am not attempting to define personhood; I am setting a point at which the rights of the mother are undeniably less important than the life of the baby.
Again, the concept of "personhood" is the basis of your argument, not mine. Clarity seems to be a good goal to strive for in any law. To use your terms, clarity is not a sufficient reason to accept a criterion, but it is a necessary one, if you are to create a law that has any real meaning. I am fairly sure that one could not pass a law (and certainly could not realistically enforce it), that sets the point after which abortions are illegal as the point when the fetus becomes self-aware, for example.
If I have misrepresented some of your views, sorry about that. This is, obviously, a complex issue, and a fairly emotionally-charged one at that. Despite that, all the comments so far have been fairly civil, I must say. We do seem to be lacking any strongly conservative pro-life opinions though, which may explain the civility. (Not implying that conservatives are not civil, but that we are already all halfway agreeing here anyway, so there is less chance for sparks to fly.)
We are the environment. There is no distinction. What we do to the earth we do to ourselves. —David Suzuki
Yes, I appreciate the
Yes, I appreciate the civility, and I think we're having a good exchange of ideas. (as a note, I suppose if social/religious conservatives were opining, we'd see the "potential person" argument and more of the "God says" argument)
Let me ask you this:
1) Do you believe that all innocent persons have a right to life that should be protected by law equally and in all cases (except perhaps if one kills in self-defense, which may apply to a threat to the life of the pregnant woman)?
2) If not, what kind of exceptions would be appropriate -- i.e., under what circumstances should it be legal to kill an innocent person (of ANY age)?
3) If yes to #1, to be logical, you have to assert either that a fetus is not a person, or that it meets one of your conditions for exceptions to a right to life per your answer to #2, right?
Also, strong pro-lifers
Also, strong pro-lifers often make essentially the same argument that you are making -- but flipped. They say that since we have no way of knowing or judging when personhood begins, we must err on the side of protecting the life of a zygote onward, lest we take a chance that we're killing a person. And some will add that they are not applying their own morality or their own criteria for personhood or judgment as to what is a person, and that their own personal morality is irrelevant, but merely that, since we don't know when personhood begins, and everyone can agree that a "life" has begun at conception and that at some point that "life" becomes a person, we should err on the side of avoiding potential murder.
The above is not my view, but perhaps you'll see the parallel with what seems to be your view, and with your claim that your view does not apply your own personal morality.
Answers
With possible circumstantial exceptions, I'll say yes to #1. However, I don't think it is necessary per your #3 that I assert that the fetus is not a person. Instead, I assert that the choice of whether the fetus is a person or not is a moral decision best left up to individuals, not enforced by the government.
We are the environment. There is no distinction. What we do to the earth we do to ourselves. —David Suzuki
You say you agree with
You say you agree with statement #1 that "all innocent persons have a right to life that should be protected by law equally and in all cases (except perhaps if one kills in self-defense, which may apply to a threat to the life of the pregnant woman)" [emphasis added]
But you then say "I assert that the choice of whether the fetus is a person or not is a moral decision best left up to individuals, not enforced by the government." [emphasis added]
Now, how can the law possibly protect the right to life of persons without defining what a person is?
Simple
The law defines a person as someone who has been born. That may not agree with my definition of a person, but as I have said, my morality should not have the weight of law. I don't see how this makes my responses to your questions in any way inconsistent.
We are the environment. There is no distinction. What we do to the earth we do to ourselves. —David Suzuki
It's only simple if you
It's only simple if you shift from what SHOULD BE (i.e,. what our philisophical discussion is all about) to merely what is (i.e., CURRENT law).
You've agreed that all innocent persons have a right to life that should be protected by law (except perhaps in exceptional circumstances), and I presume you recognize that, in order for the law to provide such protection, it must define what a person is for that purpose. Yes, of course the law has such a definition* (that's the "what is") but we are talking about what SHOULD BE. Laws, of course, can change. Sure, we could just cite current law and avoid all discussion of philosophy, morality, or even rights except insomuch as they are currently defined under law, but this is not a course in current law; we are discussing what, based on our assessment of facts and application of our values/morals, the law SHOULD BE. So no offense, but simply to cite current law is a cop-out from the philisophical discussion we are having (I'm not saying that was your intent).
If you are indeed recognizing that the law must define what a person is in order to protect the right to life that you said the law should protect, we are back to the question of what determines personhood. Given that we, the people, through our political process (directly or indirectly, and within the contraint of judicial interpretations of the Constitution) decide what the law SHOULD BE, then our opinions/beliefs as to what constitutes a person are indeed relevant. It's true that, as you say, your morality should not have the weight of law (any more than someone who thinks it should be legal to kill a healthy adult without the latter's consent), but that does not mean that you cannot or should not contribute to the political process that determines whether or not the law should remain as is or change. Even if CURRENT law defines a person (with the associated right to life) as post-birth, there is nothing inherently correct or appropriate or even necessarily sensible about that point. And choosing that point as the "dividing line" is indeed a choice, and it's a choice that can be either maintained or changed. If you say that you support maintaining that point, birth, as the legal criterion for personhood, than that IS a choice you are making to support that criterion, as opposed to some other criterion. The fact that it is current law does not mean that maintaining it is not a choice (as Rush -- the band, not the blowhard -- would say, "If you choose not to decide, you still have made a choice", at least in this case). Do you see what I mean?
* As a note, many states have homocide laws that define a fetus at a certain stage as a person for the purpose of criminalizing the killing of the fetus without the woman's consent (including, but not limited to, killing the woman as well in the case of double homicide). If interested, see http://www.ncsl.org/programs/health/fethom.htm
No
I am saying what the law SHOULD be. By defining personhood as beginning at birth, for the purpses of abortion laws, the state is allowing each individual mother to apply their own morality to their decisions. Which is, IMHO, how it SHOULD be. Your previous criticism of this view (the least common denominator argument), which claims you could by the same logic allow the murder of 10-year olds in some societies, does not apply, because birth is the point where the mother's rights to her own body are no longer a factor in the life of the baby. I really don't know how to make this any clearer.
Regarding your point about contributing to the political process: If I believed that the only morally correct path is to accept Jesus Christ as my savior, am I then obligated to push for laws which makes it illegal to be a non-Christian?
Add into the picture a strong belief that the state should not be enforcing moral values. Can you now see how it is completely consistent to believe something to be wrong, but to simultaneously believe that it should not be illegal? Given this value system, does it not make more sense to have laws that allow for individual choice? And, if one's moral beliefs are strong enough to warrant it, one could approach the issue through means other than the law. Go out and educate others about the brain functions of an unborn child, support adoption agencies, or whatever.
Given these particular values, I see no inconsistency, and in fact no alternative, but to strive to make abortions legal, safe and rare.
We are the environment. There is no distinction. What we do to the earth we do to ourselves. —David Suzuki
A constitutional argument
Legally, I believe abortion is covered in the 10th amendment. It's a state issue. Roe v. Wade should be overturned. I'd then petition my congressman to sponsor an amendment protecting the right to all abortions in the first trimester. Then I'd talk to my state rep to make a law protecting any second trimester abortions and also outlawing any third trimester abortions with exceptions for the life of the mother and in cases where the mother didn't know and had no reason to believe she was pregnant. I think 6 months is enough time to decide if you want to bring a child to term.
I never broke the law; I am the law! --
George W. BushJudge DreddI'm listening to...
How about the 13th amendment?
And I'd say abortion is covered by the 13th amendment banning involuntary servitude and the 14th amendment on equal protection (We don't require anybody else to give up control over their bodies for the health of others)
No health exception huh? So, are you for forced blood and organ donation or this only something you are willing to force on others?
Depends
I'm an originalist, so using the meanings of the words at the time the 13th and 14th amendments were written, I don't believe they protect any right to an abortion. It'd be nice if they did since I'd rather protect all abortions than none, but they don't.
With respect to health exemptions, it would depend on the severity of the health problem. I'd be ok with anything reasonable.
I'd make organ donation opt-out, meaning by default you'd be an organ donor once you died unless you objected previously. I'd take your blood, too if it was of any use.
I never broke the law; I am the law! --
George W. BushJudge DreddI'm listening to...
Why give them a choice?
So you think it is a state issue to require people to donate blood?
Can the state use eminent Domain to sieze one of your kidneys or force a sperm or egg donation?
If not, why not?
Also, let's not forget the ninth amendment, which is supposed to answer these questions
Answers in order
No. That'd be an unreasonable seizure.
Similarly unreasonable.
See above.
I don't see any inconsistency in my positions if you're trying to get me to see one. At the state level I can reserve the right to simply say "I don't like late term abortions" and leave it at that. In my opinion, late term abortions are close enough to murder that I think they should be restricted. I would not dare force my beliefs on any other states. If Massachusetts or California wants to allow abortions up to the point of birth, then that is their business under the Constitution. Similarly, Mississippi can restrict them completely.
I never broke the law; I am the law! --
George W. BushJudge DreddI'm listening to...
I don't like blood shortages
How it is an unreasonable siezure if they use eminent domain? The person receives compensation, so no harm no foul. You state that the state has the power and constitutional authority to force a woman to donate her uterus and most of her bodily functions for 9 months with no such compensation (though you'd only vote to do it for 3)
Besides, not donating blood during a shortage, or bone marrow to another is close enough to murder that some people might reasonably think that they should be restricted. Being forced to undergo these procedures have much less impact on a person than a pregancy does. The only difference I see is that standard one thatpeople are often willing to restrict the rights of a smaller population in ways that they don't allow to be applied to themselves.
The state either has the right to co-opt control over some people's bodies for public use or they don't.
Personally, I'm going to stick to the 9th amendment and suggest that right to exercise control over one's reproductive system is one of those unenumerated rights. Likewise that 9th amendment is pretty much a counter-originalist amendment as it acknowledges that the writers couldn't think of all the rights that needed to be written out.
If I might ask, where do you stand on contraception? Can Mississippi completely outlaw its use if they choose? If not, why not?
Abortion is a religious issue
Religious doctrines cannot be debated.
Or else we will be debating who is the real God--Allah or Christian God. Is Jesus a Messiah or not.
Thus, when religous people say Abortion is a sin, then for their religion it is a sin.
Actually, I am in the belief that a fetus is a person thus abortion is infanticide.
But I dont believe in using abortion as the basis of voting for elections because there are other also more pressing issues.
And if indeed I use abortion as an issue then I believe Democrats will be better in decreasing abortion rate as they will tackle the real causes of why women would choose abortion--education, economic issues, pre-natal care, etc.
God by any other name
Allah is the Christian God. In fact, Allah is the arabic word for God. Allah is Yahweh is Jehovah is God.
I never broke the law; I am the law! --
George W. BushJudge DreddI'm listening to...
Evangelist Christians dont believe Allah and God is same
Well, they'd be wrong.
I never broke the law; I am the law! --
George W. BushJudge DreddI'm listening to...
when people say that Allah is not their God
they don't necessarily mean that it's not the same word... It's all about the religious definition of God and God's word. Obviously the understanding of a Christian God differs from the understanding of a Muslim God. Thus it's fair to say that they believe in different gods and that Allah is a different God. Different attributes, different perceptions, different God.
"To discuss evil in a manner implying neutrality, is to sanction it." AR
Personally, I'm a believer
Personally, I'm a believer in the Flying Spaghetti Monster http://news.aol.com/story/_a/scholars-mull-flying-spaghetti-monster/20071116065209990001?ncid=NWS00010000000001
I don't know yet what the Flying Spaghetti Monster says is the moral position on abortion, but when I find out, I'll know what the moral position is, period, and I'll realize that there's really no need for any of this pointy-headed secular exploration of the issue (or of any other issue of morality -- as long as the FSM, praise be to Him, has spoken on it). And if anyone violates His rules and/or doesn't acknowledge and worship Him, you'll spend your eternal life after death cooking in boiling marinara sauce, so ya' better see the light, get down on your knees, and find out what all those rules are ASAP ;)
how do you worship the FSM?
I assume there is a lot of noodle sucking involved...
"To discuss evil in a manner implying neutrality, is to sanction it." AR
Depends on your denomination
For example, the Pastafarians smoke their noodles.
We are the environment. There is no distinction. What we do to the earth we do to ourselves. —David Suzuki
Heh
I was pretty sure I'd heard that pun before on SC. Yep.
We are the environment. There is no distinction. What we do to the earth we do to ourselves. —David Suzuki
hehehe
yes indeed :)
"To discuss evil in a manner implying neutrality, is to sanction it." AR
LOL. ok, you asked for it.
LOL. ok, you asked for it. Get ready for some painful puns.
The Linguinis speak in tongues.
The Lazy-on-ya's don't do much of anything.
The Nyokies are very pro-egg, so they oppose all abortion.
Of course, the Angel Hairs are the most self-righteous (they call themselves FSM's "Chosen People").
The Fyou-sillies are the most dismissive of other religions.
But the Rave-ee-olies are the most enthusiastic.
The Rig-a-tonies have a ritual involving tying up a local Italian guy.
Tortellini is the official religion of the American Bar Association.
The Vermincellis worhip rats.
And I assume this is a G-rated site, so I won't say what the Fetishinis do.
giggle! :)
Politics is a clash of interests masquerading as a clash of principles. – Anonymous
The Flying Spaghetti Monster
is an agnostic/atheist mocking those who believe in God.
qui tacet consentire
Semantics then
They're the same physical being though. Muslims believe God put Jesus on Earth. They believe he created the universe in 6 days. Etc.
If you want to get into the concept of "God" then I'd defer to someone with more knowledge of theology.
I never broke the law; I am the law! --
George W. BushJudge DreddI'm listening to...
Our governor recently signed the extended protest zones
for reproductive clinics in our state into law. This ruling requires that anti-choice protesters who wish to picket in front of reproductive clinics where women go to get abortions stay no less than 35 feet away from the clinics. It was signed into law, and with legitimate reasons. It's one thing for anti-choice people to chant slogans and hold up signs, but, unfortunately, they've all too often go much furthur than that, such as actually blocking clinic entrances, giving unwanted "counseling and advice" to women exercising their right to make their own decisions about what to do with their bodies, and harassing and phyically assaulting clinic workers and patients, not to mention the spraying of toxic chemicals into clinics themselves. There've been several killings of doctors who've performed abortions around the country, and clinic workers themselves.
There was even an incident here in the Bay State some years ago that got lots of publicity.
All told, I'm glad they signed this into law.